原油微生物群落构成多样性及降解菌DYL-1降解原油的研究  

Microbial Community Diversity of the Crude Oil and Analysis of a Strain DYL-1

作　　者：王中华[1] 李太武[2] 苏秀榕[1] 秦松[1] 李晔[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学生命科学与生物工程学院,宁波315211 [2]中国科学院烟台海岸带可持续发展研究所,烟台264003

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2011年第2期163-168,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2006C13089);中国科学院、国家外国专家局“创新团队国际合作伙伴计划”,学校人才工程项目(RCL2009001)

摘　　要：为分离得到高效原油降解菌,直接向原油中加入营养物刺激,培养一段时间后原油乳化降解,傅里叶红外光谱显示,2957cm-1、723cm-1处吸收峰消失;2855cm-1、1377cm-1处吸收峰减弱;880cm-1以及800cm-1吸收峰几乎消失,表明原油发生降解,效果明显。同时分离得到一株降解菌,经分子鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.),红外光谱法和紫外吸收法分析表明其具有较强的降解原油烃的能力。根据传统分子生物学的方法,构建原油菌16S rDNA克隆文库,限制性酶切片段长度多态性(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,RFLP)分析了原油中的细菌多样性。结果表明此方法有效地评估了原油中的细菌群落和多样性。The biodegradation bacterium system was obtained through adding nutrition,and the IR technology was used to scan the characteristic spectra of crude oil before and after degradation.The analysis indicated that the characteristic peaks 2 957 cm-1、723 cm-1 disappeared after degradation,the characteristic peaks 2 855 cm-1、1 377 cm-1、880 cm-1、800 cm-1 faded.A strain of degrading bacteria named DYL-1 was isolated from the crude oil directly,and identified as Bacillus sp.IR analysis indicated that the isolate shows considerable biodegradability to petroleum hydrocarbon.In this paper,the bacterioplankton diversity in the crude oil was studied by using the techniques of molecular biology,including the extraction of bacterial DNA,PCR amplification of bacterial 16S rDNA by universal primers,RFLP analysis,sequencing of 16S rDNA fragments and sequence analysis.The results illuminated that RFLP analysis of cloned 16S rDNA fragments is a powerful tool for estimating the community and diversity of bacteria in crude oil.

关 键 词：原油 红外光谱 16S RDNA 生物降解 PCR 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]