玻璃纤维增强灌注型聚氨酯泡沫塑料的拉伸、压缩性能和破坏机理  

STRETCHING AND COMPRESSING DESTRUCTIVE MECHANISM OF THE POLYURETHANE FOAM PLASTICS REINFORCED BY GLASS FIBRES

作　　者：闻荻江[1] 陈再新[1] 李国忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学材料工程学院,苏州215021 [2]山东建材学院

出　　处：《复合材料学报》1999年第4期64-67,共4页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：研究了用短切玻璃纤维对硬质聚氨酯泡沫体的增强效果及拉伸、压缩的破坏行为。结果表明当纤维长为１２ ｍ ｍ 时，６ ｗ ｔ％ 纤维含量的增强效果为最好，可以使泡沫体的拉伸强度提高７５％ ，压缩强度提高２５％ ，压缩模量增加约３０％ 。纤维增强的泡沫体拉伸产生的裂纹扩展时，遇到纤维可能终止扩展（应力不大时），也可能发生偏转（应力较大时）；泡沫破坏时，可能出现纤维拉出、拉断等不同的破坏形式。增强泡沫体在压缩破坏时，主要是泡沫结构的支柱弯曲、扭转变形引起泡壁破裂和支柱失稳，并导致材料的破坏。In this paper,the reinforcing effect, the stretching and compressing destructive mechanism in the polyurethane foam plastics reinforced by short cutting glass fibres have been studied. The results show that the reinforcing effect is best when the fibre length is 12 mm and the fibre content is 6 wt%. The stretching intensity, the compressing intensity and the compressing modulus are increased by 75%, 25% and 30%, respectively. When the foam reinforced by fibres is stretched, the cracks are produced and the cracks spread. They may stop spreading (as the stress is low) or may present deflection (as the stress is high) when the cracks meet fibres. Different destructive shapes (the fibres are pulled out, broken and so on) may occur when the foam is destroyed. The prop of the foam structure may be crooked, twisted and out of shape when the foam reinforced by fibres is compressed destructively. It leads to rupture of foam wall, losing stability of prop and destruction of material.

关 键 词：玻璃纤维 聚氨酯 破坏机理 泡沫塑料 拉伸 压缩 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]