毒藜碱诱导形成山羊先天性腭裂模型的实验研究  

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHEMICALLY INDUCED ANIMAL MODEL OF GOAT CLEFT PALATE IN UTERUS

作　　者：彭喆[1] 杨锴[1] 刘岩[1] 冯国平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院医疗美容科北京,100035

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2011年第2期235-238,共4页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30772266)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨采用毒藜碱肌肉注射形成先天性腭裂山羊模型的方法以及先天性腭裂畸形对山羊面中部发育的影响。方法取40只8～12月龄杂交波尔雌性山羊,体重35～55 kg,以配种日期定为孕0 d,于孕30 d经B超确认怀孕后随机将实验动物分为4组。取30只实验动物按照注射剂量分为实验组1、实验组2、实验组3(n=10),分别于孕31～42 d肌肉注射毒藜碱10、15、20 mg/d;余10只作为对照组不作处理。每组于孕120 d及出生后1个月,各取5只胎羊或小羊行头颅三维CT重建,测量上颌最前磨牙前方的两侧凹陷处间距(PPMM),及以此线为基准测量上颌骨最前点至此线的垂直距离(APMM);完成三维CT重建后行硬腭大体观察,并制备干颅行上颌骨前后向及宽度发育情况观察。结果实验组3母羊注射药物后全部流产;实验组2母羊注射药物后2只流产,余8只维持妊娠。孕120 d取材时,实验组1取出5只胎羊,均无腭裂;实验组2取出5只胎羊,其中3只腭裂,上颌发育不足;对照组取出5只胎羊,均无腭裂。出生后1个月,实验组1有11只小羊娩出,均无腭裂;实验组2有7只小羊娩出,其中5只腭裂,上颌骨明显发育不足,饲养及进食困难;对照组有8只小羊娩出,均无腭裂。硬腭及干颅大体观察见实验组2上颌骨明显发育不足。实验组2的孕120 d胎羊及出生后1个月小羊PPMM及APMM与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组2的5只腭裂小羊存活1～2个月。结论采用孕31～42 d肌肉注射毒藜碱15 mg/d,可以制备先天性山羊腭裂模型,形成的腭裂山羊面型特征基本符合人类腭裂畸形面中部发育特征。Objective To study the method to prepare the animal model of goat cleft palate by injection of anabasine and the effect of the malformation on the development of the facial mid-part.Methods A total of 40 female boer hybrid goats were selected,aging 8-12 months and weighing 35-55 kg.The mating day was 0 day,and at 30 days the goats assured pregnant by B type ultrasonic test were divided into 4 groups（n=10） according to intramuscular injection of 10（experimental group 1）,15（experimental group 2）,20（experimental group 3） mg/ d,and no injection（control group）,respectively,from the 31st to 42nd day.At pregnant 120 days and 1 month after birth,5 fetal goats of each group were used for three dimensional reconstruction of skull with CT scan.The maxillary bone width named as PPMM and the maxillary bone length named as APMM were measured,then the hard palate general observation was performed and dry skull of goats was harvested to observe the development of maxillary.Results After injection,all pregnant lambs aborted in experimental group 3;2 pregnant lambs aborted and 8 lambs maintained pregnancy in experimental group 2.At 120 days of pregnant,no cleft palate was observed in 5 fetal lambs of experimental group 1 and control group,respectively;cleft palate and maxillary dysplasia occurred in 3 fetal lambs of experimental group 2.Among 11 newborn lambs of experimental group 1 and 8 newborn lambs of control group,no cleft palate was observed;among 7 newborn lambs of experimental group 2,cleft palate occurred in 5 with obvious maxillary dysplasia and eating difficultly.General observation of hard palate and dry skull showed obvious hypoplasia of maxillary in experimental group 2.There were significant differences in PPMM and APMM between the experimental group 2 and the control group at pregnant 120 days and 1 month after birth（P 〈 0.05）.Five lambs with cleft palates of experimental group 2 survived for 1-2 months.Conclusion The animal models of goat cleft palate can established by intramuscular inje

关 键 词：动物模型 先天性腭裂 毒藜碱 山羊 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]