滇西北纵向岭谷区水土保持对策研究——以怒江州为例  

Countermeasures for Soil and Water Conservation of Longitudinal Rang-Gorge Region in Northwest of Yunnan

作　　者：杨旺舟[1,2] 董锁成[1] 武友德[2] 罗仁波[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]云南师范大学经济与管理学院,云南昆明650500 [3]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,云南昆明650092

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2011年第1期31-33,67,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划二期项目(中国气候与环境演变:2012)

摘　　要：怒江州地处滇西北纵向岭谷区,地质地貌、降水、土壤等自然因素有利于水土流失。受"通道-阻隔"作用的影响,人类及其经济活动沿河展布或分布于山间盆地,陡坡垦殖、砍伐森林以及毁林、毁草开荒等不合理的土地利用,加剧了河谷区和两岸山间盆地的水土流失。水土保持对改善怒江州的生态环境、保障粮食和能源安全以及应对气候变化具有重要的意义,但也面临全球气候变暖、生态环境脆弱、贫困人口集中、农业生态环境退化等严峻挑战。怒江州的水土保持对策是:大力发展林业及相关产业;结合林草植被恢复,加快畜牧业发展;采取多种措施,提高耕地粮食单产。Nujiang autonomous prefecture is situated at the longitudinal rang-gorge region in northwest of Yunnan Province where the natural factors of geomorphology,precipitation and soil are all conducive to soil and water loss.Human residential areas and economic activities are spreaded along rivers or distributed in intermontane basin due to the effect of 'corridor-barrier' function.The irrational land use including cultivation on steep slopes,deforestation and destruction of grassland and woodland for increasing cultivated land areas have worsen the soil and water loss in valley areas and intermontane basin.Soil and water conservation is of great importance to improving eco-environment,ensuring the security of grain and energy and coping with the impact of climate change of the prefecture.It is also confronted with severe challenges of global climate change,fragile ecological environment,concentrated poverty population and degradation of agricultural environment.The countermeasures for soil and water conservation of the prefecture are to devote major efforts to develop forestry and its related industries;speed up the development of animal husbandry through rehabilitation of trees and grasses;increase the unit yield of grain through adopting multi-measures.

关 键 词：水土保持 土地利用 纵向岭谷区 生态脆弱区 怒江州 滇西北 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]