西藏大骨节病病区膳食结构调查  

INVESTIGATION ON THE DIETARY STRUCTURE IN KASHIN-BECK DISEASE AREA OF TIBET

作　　者：次央[1] 扎西桑珠[2] 巴桑卓玛[1] 西绕若登[2] 李涛[3] 崔超英[1] 德央[1] 央宗[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学医学院 [2]西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心地方病防制研究所 [3]四川大学华西医学中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第4期616-618,626,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目批准号:30660165)

摘　　要：[目的]了解西藏大骨节病病区内患者与非患者的膳食结构并进行比较,为大骨节病病因研究和防治提供科学依据。[方法]使用自制调查表,以面谈的方式对拉萨市林周县、墨竹工卡县和山南地区桑日县部分病区中905人进行食物频率法膳食调查。[结果]病区人群中主食以当地糌粑为主的百分比为75.88%。女性和患者主食以当地糌粑为主的的百分比(77.33%和92.27%)高于男性和非患者(73.61%和69.90%);而男性和非患者食用外地面和大米均多于患者。除牛肉外男性和非患者食用猪肉、鸡肉、羊肉和山羊肉的百分比均高于女性和患者,非患者中经常吃肉、蛋、奶和蔬菜的人数均比患者多,反之患者中很少吃和不吃这些食物者比非患者多,所有被调查的群众该类食物摄入偏少。[结论]通过本次调查,发现西藏大骨节病病区内人群的膳食结构不合理,存在主食相对单一,以当地糌粑为主,患者中更甚;病区内女性和患者食用肉类、蛋和奶类频率与男性和非患者相比偏低;蔬菜品种和数量都偏少,水果类缺乏等问题。[Objective] To access the dietary structure between healthy people and patients in KBD（Kashin-Beck Disease） area of Tibet,and give basic scientific information about this disease for further investigation.[Methods] A questionnaire designed by us was administered to 905 participants to survey their frequent food.The participants were from Lhundrop County,Medro Gongkar County of Lhasa municipality and Sangri County of Lhoka region.[Results] The percentage of respondents who regularly consumed the local tsampa among the patients（92.27%） was higher than that in healthy people（69.90%）;The percentage of response of regular consumption of pork,chicken,mutton and goat meat was higher in that of healthy people compared with patients.[Conclusion] In this survey,we found that the staple diet is relatively simple and the local Tsamba is the main food in disease areas.The consumption of meat,eggs and milk is less,and there is a lack of fruits and vegetables.

关 键 词：西藏 大骨节病 膳食调查 

分 类 号：R684.1[医药卫生—骨科学]