高速列车过站空气动力学效应数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Roof Passing by High-Speed Railway Train

作　　者：周志勇[1] 程波[2] 艾辉林[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学桥梁系,上海200092

出　　处：《力学季刊》2010年第4期521-527,共7页Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50878148)

摘　　要：新建车站雨棚多为大跨度空间曲面结构,现常采用无站台柱结构形式,对风荷载比较敏感。高速动车组快速通过站台时,列车所形成的高速气流会在列车与雨棚之间产生的空气活塞压缩效应,这种空气动力学效应可能会在雨棚上诱导较大的局部压力,对列车和雨棚结构都是不利的。本文基于计算流体动力学方法,采用动网格技术数值模拟了高速列车从进入站台到驶离站台过程中,雨棚表面所受空气荷载空间、时间变化特性。为了对比空气活塞压缩效应所引起的雨蓬附加风荷载与极端风作用下的风荷载的区别,针对阜阳新车站无站台柱雨棚进行了刚体模型风洞测压试验。风洞测试结果和数值模拟结果显示,列车穿过雨棚的过程中,活塞式的空气压缩效应是存在的,设计时应考虑列车的通过所引起的附加风荷载。The structure with long span without platform columniation is generally adopted in current train station bluiding and is sensitive to wind.A plunger effect would formed between train and roof when the train with high speed turn into and leave the platform.A larger aerodynamic force in the local region of the roof may be induced due to the plunger effect.Based on the Reynolds-averaged N-S equations,Realizable k-ε model and dynamic mesh method,the character of the aerodynamic force on the roof was numerically simulated when the train with high speed turn into or leave from the platform.In contrast with wind load by extreme wind,the pressure testing of the rigid body model was carried out in TJ-3 wind tunnel for FuYang station.The wind tunnel testing result and computational result show that the plunger effect is existent and the additional wind load by it should be considered in the structure design.

关 键 词：高速列车 雨棚 计算流体动力学 动网格技术 气动力特性 

分 类 号：O368[理学—流体力学]