天基毫米波空间碎片观测雷达系统分析与设计  

Analysis and Design of Spaceborne MMW Radar for Space Debris Observation System

作　　者：李道京[1] 刘波[1,2] 尹建凤[3] 乔明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电子学研究所微波成像技术国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100190 [3]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《宇航学报》2010年第12期2746-2753,共8页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60772103);863计划(2009AA12Z103);973计划(2009CB72400)

摘　　要：介绍了天基毫米波空间碎片观测雷达的难点和关键技术,提出了解决问题的思路。将同时多波束天线引入到高速目标探测中,分析了雷达天线和发射机的形式,采用多频信号处理方法解决多普勒模糊问题。给出了空间站载天基毫米波雷达的系统参数,分析了测距、测角、测速精度。在天球坐标系下建立了雷达平台坐标系,通过速度分解和坐标转换,结合雷达成像的方法分析了雷达和碎片间的相对速度、位置的几何关系,在此基础上对空间站载天基毫米波雷达系统空间碎片轨道预测性能进行了分析。Key techniques of spaceborne millimeter-wave（MMW）radar and some probes for space debris observation are introduced in this paper.First,the simultaneous multi-beam antenna is introduced into high-speed object detection and the modes of the radar antenna and transmitter is analyzed.In order to reduce the Doppler ambiguity,a multi-frequency signal processing method is used.The space station MMW radar parameters are given,and ranging,angle resolving and velocity measurement accuracies are analyzed.And then the radar platform coordinate system is created in celestial coordinate system.The relative position and velocity between radar and debris as well as the corresponding accuracies are investigated by velocity decomposition and coordinates conversion combined with radar imaging method.At last space station MMW radar parameters are given and the performance of space debris orbit prediction is also analyzed.

关 键 词：天基雷达 毫米波雷达 空间碎片 运动目标探测 空间站 SAR/ISAR 

分 类 号：TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理]