某高校医学生膳食状况调查  

SURVEY ON DIETARY STATUS OF OF MEDICAL STUDENTS

作　　者：张雷[1] 米术斌[1] 齐菲[1] 辛小林[1] 彭丹梅[1] 金翠红 

机构地区：[1]承德医学院,承德067000 [2]滦平中医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第3期451-455,460,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解某校医学生的膳食状况,以便发现问题,提出建议,为营养学教学、膳食指导提供科学依据。[方法]抽取临床、护理专业三年级学生共635人,男生226人、女生人409;其中少数民族学生89人。进行膳食调查采用24h膳食回顾法。[结果]膳食调查:粮谷类食物平均日摄入量为352.3g符合我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐的量。平均日摄入量豆类为61.3g;平均日摄入量蔬菜为206.2g、水果为134.7g、畜禽肉为29.7g、鱼虾类10.6g、蛋类为19.7g、奶类为29.9g,均低于我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐水平,少数民族学生摄入量与平均值差别不大。能量日平均摄入量为1856.8kcal,蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物提供能量占总能量的比例分别为13.93%、25.83%、60.24%。蛋白质平均日摄入量为64.3g,低于我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐水平。其中32.16%的蛋白质来源于动物性食物;而绝大部分来源于粮谷类及豆类。VA平均日摄入量为628.3μgRE,占RNI的78.5%左右。VB1、VB2平均日摄入量1.1、1.1与我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐水平接近。Ca的平均日摄入量为482.1g,占RNI的60.3%。Fe平均日摄入量为16.1g,接近我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐水平,其中大部分(67.72%)来源于植物性食物。调查对象Zn的平均日摄入量为10.1g,略低于我国营养学会平衡膳食推荐水平。少数民族摄入量与平均值接近。[结论]该校医学生目前营养问题以动物性食物、蔬菜水果摄入不足为主,食物种类单一,营养素摄入量基本满足需要。应开展有效的营养教育来提高学生的营养知识,指导日常膳食,促进合理膳食。[Objective] To know dietary status of medical students in order to identify problems and make recommendations for nutrition education and dietary guidance. [Methods] A total of 635 students with 226 boys and 409 girls were surveyed, of which 89 were minority students. 24-hour dietary survey was conducted using dietary recall method. [Results] Average daily intake of grain was 352.3g which met the recommended amount of China Institute of Nutrition. Average daily intake of legume was 61.3g, vegetable 206.2g, fruit 134.7g, livestock and poultry meat 29.7g, fish and shrimp 10.6g, egg 19.7g, and milk 29.9g, all of which were lower than the recommended amount. The average intakes in minority students were not significantly different from the recommended amount. Average daily energy intake was 1 856.8 kcal. Protein, fat, carbohydrates provided energy for the proportion of total energy were 13.93% , 25.83% , and 60.24% respectively. Average daily intake of protein was 64.3g, lower than the recommend amoutn, 32.16% of which was from animal foodsand most from the grain and bean. Average daily intake of VA was 628.3μg RE, accounting for 78.5% of the RNI. Average daily intake of VB1, VB2 was 1.1 and 1.1 close to the recommended levelt. Average daily intake of Ca was 482.1g, accounting for 60.3% RNI. Average daily intake of Fe was 16.1g, close to the recommended level, of which the majority （67.72%） was from plant foods. Average daily intake of Zn was 10.1g, slightly lower than the recommended level. [Conclusion] The current nutritional problems of medical students include inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables. Effective nutrition education should be undertaken to improve their nutritional knowledge to guide their daily meals.

关 键 词：医学生 营养状况 调查 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]