孕妇孕晚期膳食营养因素对新生儿出生体重的影响  

THE EFFECT OF PREGNANT WOMEN’S DIETARY AND NUTRITIONAL FACTORS ON NEWBORN’S BIRTHWEIGHT

作　　者：翟庆峰[1] 李媛媛[2] 李忠良[2] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院,潍坊261042 [2]潍坊市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第3期461-463,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省高等学校优秀青年教师国内访问学者项目经费资助项目

摘　　要：[目的]了解潍坊地区孕妇的营养状况,明确影响新生儿出生体重的膳食营养因素。[方法]随机抽取孕晚期妇女352例(城市180例,农村172例),采用24h回顾法进行膳食调查,并对孕妇产前、产后以及新生儿进行必要体格检查。[结果]VitA、VitB2、钙、铁、锌的摄入量城乡差异有统计学意义。潍坊地区巨大儿发生率10.80%,农村高于城市。低出生体重儿发生率3.41%,城乡差别无统计学意义。总能量、碳水化合物和Zn的摄入量与巨大儿的发生概率显示正相关关系,VitA、VitB2、Ca、Fe与巨大儿的发生概率显示负相关关系。适量增加总能量和蛋白质摄入量可以减少低出生体重儿的发生概率。[结论]农村孕妇一些维生素和必需微量元素的摄取量不够理想,孕妇在孕晚期控制机体能量的摄入,适量摄取碳水化合物和Zn,增加VitA、VitB2、Ca、Fe等营养素,可以有效的减小农村巨大儿发生率。[Objective] To investigate the dietary and nutritional status of pregnant women in Weifang city, and determine the effects of dietary and nutritional factors on newborn’s birth weight. [Methods] 352 women （180 women in city and 172 women in countryside） in the third trimester of pregnancy who attended pre-delivery check were surveyed by the dietary questionnaire and the physical examination. [Results] 1. The differences of VitA, VitB2, Ca, Fe and Zn between pregnant women in the city and in countryside were distinct. 2. The proportion of high birth weight infants （HBW） and low birth weight infants （LBW） were 10.80% and 3.41%, respectively. The proportion of HBW in countryside was higher than that in city. 3. The amount of the calories, carbohydrate and Zn which the pregnant woman took everyday were positive correlated with the occurrence of HBW, while the amount of VitA, VitB2, Ca, Fe were negatively correlated with the occurrence of HBW. For many pregnant women, taking in enough calories and protein could reduce the occurrence of LBW. [Conclusion] To reduce the occurrence of HBW in countryside, the pregnant women should control the intakes of the calories, carbohydrate and Zn, and increase the intakes of the VitA, VitB2, Ca and Fe properly.

关 键 词：关健词:孕期 膳食营养 巨大儿 低出生体重儿 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]