小儿自发性颅内出血的临床特点与治疗  

Clinical features and treatment of pediatric spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage

作　　者：张训[1] 杨宏[2] 谢清[1] 张良[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市脑科医院神经外科,广东广州510370 [2]广州医学院第二附属医院神经外科,广东广州510260

出　　处：《现代医学》2010年第6期633-635,共3页Modern Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的：探讨小儿自发性颅内出血的临床特点和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析60例自发性颅内出血患儿的临床资料。结果：出血原因：3岁及以下患儿凝血功能障碍10例,原因不明3例;3岁以上患儿脑血管异常35例,肿瘤卒中1例,原因不明11例。经药物及手术治疗,痊愈41例,轻残11例,中残5例,死亡3例。随访42例,时间5个月~5年,再出血2例。结论：3岁及以下患儿自发性颅内出血的常见原因是凝血功能障碍,3岁以上患儿常见原因是脑血管畸形。凝血功能、CT、MR和DSA检查对其疾病诊断有重要价值,临床医生应该根据不同的病因选取合适的治疗方法。Objective： To explore the clinical features and treatment options of pediatric spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage.Methods： Sixty children of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed based on medical records and radiographic images.Results： In children under 3 years old,disturbance of blood coagulation was found in 10 patients,unknown cause in 3 patients.In children over the age of 3,cerebral vascular abnormality was found in 35 patients,intracranial tumor in 1 patient and unknown cause in 11 patients.After drugs and surgical treatment,41 patients were well-healed,16 patients were disabled,3 patients were dead.42 patients followed up from 5 months to 5 years,there were 2 rehaemorrhagia patients.Conclusion： Disturbance of blood coagulation is the most common reason of children under 3 years old with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage,cerebral vascular malformation is the most common reason of children over the age of 3.Blood coagulation,CT,MR and DSA make great contribution for diagnosis,the clinician should take appropriate treatment options according to different cause of disease.

关 键 词：自发性颅内出血 小儿 临床特点 治疗 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]