壳斗科七种常绿树种在南京地区的物候期观测  

Investigation on Phenophase of Seven Evergreen Species of Fagaceae in Nanjing Area

作　　者：李乃伟[1] 陆小清[1] 李云龙[1] 蔡小龙[1] 郭忠仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省.中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园),江苏南京210014

出　　处：《北方园艺》2010年第24期131-134,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：南京市科技发展计划资助项目(200801053);南京市科技公共服务平台建设资助项目(201001051)

摘　　要：通过定株对7种壳斗科常绿树种的物候期进行定期观察,基本掌握了各树种在南京地区的物候期和各生育期维持的时间,为壳斗科常绿耐寒树种在江苏地区的推广利用提供了依据。结果表明:7种植物生长适应性良好,6种植物开花结果正常,东南柯未见坐果期。不同属间壳斗科常绿树种的物候期存在差异,2种青冈属常绿树种花期较短,平均11.50 d,2种石栎属常绿树种果实次年发育成熟,且花期较长,平均为36 d;栎属常绿树种(乌冈栎)花期出现较早,为4月,时长较短为18 d;栲属常绿树种(苦槠)花期较短,为15 d。石栎属3个种间物候期差异最大,表现为石栎萌芽最迟,绵石栎花期较长,东南柯物候期不完整。Based on investigation on fixed plants and phases of seven evergreen species of Fagaceae,the phenophase and development periods were obtained to provide evidence for the extension of evergreen species of Fagaceae in Jiangsu areas.The results showed that six of the seven well-grown evergreen species of Fagaceae blossomed and bore fruit normally,and the fruit setting of Lithocarpus harlandii was not found.The phenophase of four genus in Fagaceae were different.Generally,the florescence of the genus Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis was 11.5 d and 15 d relatively,shorter than the other two genus.The fruit of Lithocarpus ripen next year,and the average florescence of Lithocarpus glabra and Lithocarpus litseifolius was 36 d,which was the longest of four genus.The florescence of Quercus phillyraeoides occurred early,from April,and lasted 18 d.In addition,there was significant difference among the different phenophase of three species belong to the genus Lithocarpus.

关 键 词：壳斗科 常绿树种 青冈属 石栎属 栎属 栲属 物候期 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]