山东省农作制发展的影响因素分析  

The Influence Factors on Farming System Development in Shandong Province

作　　者：刘岩[1] 宁堂原[1] 周勋波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第34期19699-19701,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803028);2009年山东省优秀青年教师国内访问学者项目

摘　　要：介绍了山东省农作制的发展概况,目前山东省尚处在半集约半自给半商品农作制水平,东部沿海和鲁中农业区正在向现代农作制迈进,初步形成了粮食、饲料、经济等作物协调发展的新格局。分析了山东省农作制发展的影响因素,主要因素有农业生产条件和投入水平、人口与粮食、政策措施、自然资源和区域的发展、农业产业化与城市化水平、科学技术水平。2020年山东省人口约1亿,人均年粮食占有量为475 kg,粮食生产压力大。因此,必须转变农业发展方式,加速建立现代农作制度。农业机械、农田水利工程、化肥施用等农业生产条件明显影响农作制的发展;生产条件的改善,促进了农业结构的调整,增加了冬小麦-夏玉米的种植比例,提高了复种指数;农业产业化的发展,推动了农业劳动力的转移及现代农作制的建立,而城市发展不平衡,制约着现代农作制的建立。因此,科学合理的区域化布局、适当的政策和先进的科学技术有利于山东省现代农作制的建立。The developmental profile of the farming system of Shandong Province is introduced.At present,Shandong Province is still in the level of half-intensive,half-self giving and half-commercial agricultural products;the eastern coastal agricultural zone and agricultural zone in central Shandong Province are stepping into the modern agriculture;the new pattern of the coordinating development of grain,feed and cash crops has formed primarily.The influence factors on the farming system development in Shandong Province are analyzed,which include the situation for agricultural production,investment level,population and food,policies and measures,natural resources and regional development,agricultural industrialization and urbanization,and science and technology level.In 2020,population and grain per capita of Shandong Province are 100 millions and 475 kg per year respectively;there is great pressure in grain production.Therefore,it is necessary to change the pattern of agricultural development and establish modern farming system.Agricultural production condition,such as agricultural machinery,irrigation and drainage engineering,chemical fertilizer,effects development of farming system.The improvement of production condition promotes agricultural structure adjustment,such as increasing multiple cropping index and proportion of winter wheat-summer maize.Agricultural industrialization is important to the agricultural labor transference and development of modern farming system.The competition of western cities are weak than that of eastern cities.Scientific adjustment of regional distribution,proper policies,advanced science and technology are beneficial to establishing modern farming system.

关 键 词：山东省 结构调整 区域发展 农作制 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]