酵母细胞自然衰老分子作用机理的研究进展  

Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Chronological Ageing in Model Organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae

作　　者：张家瑱[1,2] 万亚坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学生命科学研究院"发育与疾病相关基因"教育部重点实验室,南京210000 [2]Department of Life Sciences,HAN University

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2011年第2期119-126,共8页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：东南大学人才引进计划资助项目~~

摘　　要：衰老是任何生物都无法避免的生理现象,它由多种因素引起,其过程极其复杂.酵母细胞是目前衰老研究领域公认的模式生物,一系列影响衰老的分子作用机理及调控因素的发现均源自于对酵母细胞的研究.自然衰老是酵母细胞的衰老模式之一,由于该衰老过程与其他高等真核细胞(特别是哺乳动物细胞)极为相似,近年来受到广泛关注.全面比较酵母细胞衰老的两种模式,详细介绍自然衰老过程中分子作用机理的研究进展,重点阐述其复杂的自然寿命调控通路,包括卡路里限制以及药物添加对Ras/PKA、Sch9、Tor等营养依赖型调控通路的影响,并展望未来该领域需要解决的重要科学问题,为全面深入了解高等生物,特别是人类自身的衰老机理提供参考.Ageing, as an ineluctable physiological process for all organisms, is a complex life activity induced by several factors. Currently yeast cell becomes an ideal model organism which is generally acknowledged, and many mechanisms and regulatory factors have been discovered by the insightful research of yeast. One of its well-established ageing models, called chronological ageing, is conserved with other higher eukaryotic cells, especially mammalian cells, thus attracted much attention on such a study. Two ageing models in yeast were compared, the research progress in the studies on the molecular mechanisms of yeast chronological ageing was introduced, and several complicated regulatory pathways were expounded including the effects given by calorie restriction and medicine addition on Ras/PKA, Sch9 and Tor regulatory pathways which are nutrient-dependent. Meanwhile, some significant future issues in this field are mentioned and anticipated as reference to dig much further in the comprehensive understanding of the ageing mechanisms in higher living organisms, especially human beings.

关 键 词：酵母 自然衰老 自然衰老调控通路 营养依赖型调控通路 

分 类 号：Q498.4[生物学—生理学]