SSR和RAPD 2种分子标记对昆明西山野生蘡薁葡萄资源遗传多样性分析比较  

Comparison of SSR and RAPD Technologies in Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wild Grape Resources Vitis bryoniaegolia from Xishan Mountain in Kunming

作　　者：陈姝[1] 钱正强[1] 宫霞[1] 赵榕[1] 杨明挚[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学院植物科学研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2010年第6期2008-2013,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家级大学生创新实验计划项目(wx070147)

摘　　要：本研究分别应用SSR和RAPD 2种分子标记技术对来自云南昆明西山5个近距离群体的41份野生蘡薁葡萄(Vitis bryoni-aegoliaBge)样品进行遗传结构分析,以比较2种方法评价同种野葡萄各群体间遗传多样性的差异。结果发现,2种分子标记得到的基因分化系数(Gst)均小于0.5,基因流较大(Nm>1),表明在较小的地理范围内,同一物种不同群体间存在的遗传分化小,遗传变异发生在群体内的概率远大于在群体间。但RAPD分子标记能更灵敏的体现各个近距离群体间的差异,得到的遗传距离与实际群体间的物理距离呈正相关(r=0.981,P=0.019<0.05)。对远距离的同种野生葡萄以及栽培葡萄进行研究后,发现SSR和RAPD标记均能有效地把不同品种的葡萄资源分开,表现为同种野生葡萄处于遗传距离较近的位置上,聚类为总的一枝,而人工栽培品种处于聚类树状图的另一分枝,遗传距离较远。To estimate the efficiency of SSR and RAPD technologies in genetic diversity analysis,genetic diversity and structures of 5 groups of Vitis bryoniaegolia Bge（41 samples）were analyzed by SSR and RAPD markers respectively in this study.Both SSR and RAPD analysis results indicated that the coefficient of gene differentiation（Gst） 0.5,and gene flow was relatively large（Nm1）.It implied that,in a small geographic region,V.bryoniaegolia had less genetic differentiation among groups,and genetic variation of V.bryoniaegolia mainly occurred within groups.However,phylogenetic tree based on RAPD molecular marker could reflect the differences of these 5 groups of the same wide grape species better,and significant correlation（r=0.981,P=0.0190.05） could be found between geographical distribution and genetic distance.Additionally,when considering one more further-distance wide sample of V.bryoniaegolia and two cultivated grape samples,both SSR and RAPD could distinguish further-distance wild grapes of V.bryoniaegolia and cultivated species very well.

关 键 词：野生葡萄 蘡薁葡萄 RAPD SSR 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]