饥饿和再投喂对黑尾近红鲌幼鱼体成分、消化酶活性和RNA/DNA比值的影响  

The effects of starvation and refeeding on body biochemical composition,digestive enzyme activity and RNA/DNA ratio of Ancherythroculter nigroocauda

作　　者：李代金[1] 黄辉[1] 谭德清[2] 朱成科[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学荣昌校区水产系,重庆402460 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [3]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2010年第6期27-32,79,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中国长江三峡工程开发总公司生态与环境保护科研项目(0714091);国务院三峡工程建设委员会办公室生态环境项目(SX2007-019);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50679095)

摘　　要：在室内水温23～26℃的条件下,分别对黑尾近红鲌(Ancherythroculter nigrocauda)幼鱼进行不同时间(0、5、10、15、20和25 d)的饥饿处理和饥饿后恢复投喂(25 d)试验。结果显示:在饥饿过程中,幼鱼随着饥饿时间的延长,体重和RNA/DNA比值不断减小。脂肪含量在饥饿前期下降明显,后期下降缓慢;蛋白质含量在饥饿前期下降缓慢,后期下降明显,表明幼鱼是优先利用脂肪作为能量来源,其次再利用蛋白质。饥饿5、10 d组幼鱼的消化酶活性下降显著(P<0.05)。肝脏的蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性饥饿至15 d下降显著,之后随着饥饿时间延长,下降趋于平缓;消化道的脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性饥饿至15 d显著下降,之后下降趋于平缓。恢复投喂后,饥饿5、10、15、20 d组幼鱼的消化酶、生化组成及RNA/DNA比值均恢复到对照组水平,而饥饿25 d组幼鱼的水分含量、蛋白质含量、RNA/DNA比值、消化酶均未恢复到对照组水平(P<0.05)。饥饿5、10 d组幼鱼体重均恢复到对照组水平(P>0.05),饥饿15、20、25 d组幼鱼体重与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),这表明黑尾近红鲌幼鱼的补偿生长随饥饿时间的不同而异。The juvenile black-tailed near erythroculter,Ancherythroculter nigrocauda were tested at different time of starvation（0,5,10,15,20,25 d） and refed after starving 25 d at the temperature of 23~26 ℃.The results showed that during the period of starvation,the RNA/DNA ratio and body weight of A.nigrocauda decreased gradually.The fat content decreased obviously in the early stage of starvation,but slowly during the later period.The decrease of protein content was opposite to fat content,which indicated that the juvenile A.nigrocauda utilized fat as energy source first,and then protein.The digestive enzyme activities decreased significantly after starving 5 d and 10 d（P〈0.05）.The protease and amylase activities decreased significantly after starving 15 d,and then decreased slowly as the starvation time extended.The lipase and amylase activities in gastrointestinal decreased significantly after starving 15 d,and then slowly.After refeeding,the digestive enzyme,biochemical composition and RNA/DNA ratio of the groups of starving 5,10,15,20 d all restored to the level of control group,However,the content of water,protein,RNA/DNA ratio and digestive enzyme of the group starved 25 d could not restored（P〈0.05）.The body weights of groups straved 5 d and 10 d restored to the control group level（P〈0.05）;while the weights of groups starved 15,20 d and 25 d were significantly different from the control group（P〈0.05）.It indicated the compensatory growth of juvenile A.nigrocauda varied with the starvation time.

关 键 词：黑尾近红鲌(Ancherythroculter nigroocauda) 饥饿 再投喂 生化组成 消化酶活性 RNA/DNA比值 

分 类 号：Q493.99[生物学—生理学]