种植密度对玉米雄穗发育的影响  

Effects of planting density on the development of maize tassel

作　　者：李春奇[1,2] 曹偌遥[2] 郑慧敏[2] 张守林 李芸[2] 李潮海[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院/农业部玉米区域技术创新中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省浚县农业科学研究所,河南浚县456284

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2010年第6期630-634,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家粮食科技丰产工程项目(2006BAD02A07-3)

摘　　要：为了研究种植密度对玉米雄穗发育的影响,对郑单958和浚单20玉米的雄穗长度?分枝数、抽雄期进行了统计分析,采用石蜡制片方法观察了玉米花药的发育,醋酸洋红法测定了花粉的生活力.结果表明,随着密度增加,玉米雄穗的分化相应推迟.在高密度条件下,雄穗的穗长明显变短,分枝数显著减少,抽雄期推迟.高密度条件下花药发育迟缓,当低密度条件下的玉米花药壁形成药室内壁、中层和绒毡层时,高密度的玉米花药仅分化出孢原细胞.花粉的生活力随密度增加略有降低,但影响不显著.In order to study the effects of planting density on the development of maize tassel,the tassel length,branching numbers and heading stage of maize Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 are statistically analyzed,paraffin methods are adopted to observe the development of the anther,and acetic red dyeing are adopted to measure the pollen viability.The results show that the development of tassel is put off with the increase of the planting density;tassel length and branch numbers are obviously reduced and the heading stage is postponed under high planting density.Moreover the anther development is slow.When the anther wall has formed endothecium,middle layers and tapetum under low planting density,it differentiates archesporial cells under high planting density at the same time.The pollen viability gradually declined with the increase of the planting density,but not significant.

关 键 词：玉米雄穗 种植密度 发育 花粉生活力 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]