长江三角洲典型区社会经济发展对土壤重金属累积的影响  

Impact of Socioeconomic Development on Accumulation of Soil Heavy Metals in a Typical Region of the Changjiang River Delta

作　　者：徐明星[1] 周生路[1] 王晓瑞[1] 吴绍华[1] 曹伟[1] 张红富[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《地理科学》2010年第6期880-885,共6页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(批准号:90411015);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2002CB410810)资助

摘　　要：采集不同年代被覆盖,且性质可比的土壤为载体,运用空间转换时间法,重建长三角宜兴市1950～2006年期间土壤重金属含量,并分析社会经济发展对重金属积累的影响。结果表明:(1)Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn4元素含量和土壤重金属累积水平呈先降后升的变化趋势;As元素含量整体呈下降趋势,Cd元素含量呈明显累积;Co和Cr元素含量则稳定波动。(2)各指标与重金属含量和累积水平有较高的关联度,且排序稳定。重金属含量的主要经济影响因素为总人口、农村化肥施用量和总播种面积,而与总货运量、农村工业产值和总产值的关联度较小;对重金属累积水平的影响,农村化肥施用量、总人口和粮食总产量最为重要。A historical record serial of soil heavy metals （HMs） contents was constructed during 1950-2006 in Yixing City,an area with rapid socio-economic development in Changjiang （Yangtze） River Delta of China,by taking soils which covered in different years and have comparability as a carrier.Change of soil HMs pollution index was calculated,and then the impact of socio-economic development on soil HMs content and accumulation level was analyzed with gray correlative analysis model.Results showed that： （1） Temporal variaition in Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn contents and soil HMs accumulation level showed a shape of stretched ＂U＂,of which inflexion point is the late 1970s or the early 1980s.The content of As appeared declining,by contrast,there was a notable accumulation of Cd;Co and Cr contents showed comparatively stable oscillation.（2） Each socio-economic index has a high and stable grey correlation with soil HMs contents and accumulation level.Total population,usage amount of fertilizer and total cultivated area are the three most important impact factors of soil HMs contents,conversely,GDP,value of industry output in rural area and total freight volume have the weakest impact on soil HMs contents.Usage amount of fertilizer,total population and total grain yield make the greatest contribution to the soil HMs accumulation level.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 空间换时间法 长江三角洲 社会经济 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]