卜辞的“省田”与“观猎”  

Xing Tian and Guan Lie in Oracle Bone Inscriptions

作　　者：常耀华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院,北京100024

出　　处：《殷都学刊》2010年第4期1-8,共8页Yindu Journal

摘　　要：卜辞常有"王其省"某地"田"或"叀田省"之类辞语,"省"一般认为即"省观"、"省察"之义,而"田"或以为是农田,或读作"田猎"之"畋"。若然前者,则"王省田"即商王视察农田,与"观稼"、"观耕"同义。若然后者,则"王省田"与"王观猎"同义。本文将全部"省田"卜辞排比之后,发现可确切解为"观耕"的卜辞竟无一例。相反,"省田"常与"狩"、"擒"诸字对举,且所涉之地几乎全是田猎地,故卜辞"省田"即"观猎"。There are often such phrases as ＂Wang Qi Xing＂ a place ＂Tian＂,＂叀田省＂and so on in the oracle bone inscriptions.The word ＂Xing＂ means inspecting or watching,but ＂Tian＂ has two meanings,a field or a farm,and hunting.So ＂Wang Xing Tian＂ is that the King of Shang inspected farming,which is identical with ＂Guan Jia＂,inspecting crops,and ＂Guan Geng＂,inspecting farming,and that ＂Wang Guan Lie,＂ the king of Shang watched the hunting.After all the examples of ＂Xing Tian＂ oracle bone inscriptions are examined,no one of inspecting farming is found.Instead,＂Xing Tian＂ was often related with such words as hunting,catching and the like.Moreover,the places concerned are always hunting ones.So the author argues that ＂Xing Tian＂ means ＂Guan Lie＂,watching hunting.

关 键 词：卜辞 省田 观耕 观猎 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]