玉米与不同植物间作对田间氨挥发的影响  

Ammonia Volatilization in Intercropping Field of Maize with Different Crops

作　　者：聂胜委[1,2] 陈源泉[1] 隋鹏[1] 高旺盛[1] 黄坚雄[1] 李媛媛[1] 熊杰[1] 史学朋[1] 吴雪梅[1] 孙自广[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学循环农业研究中心,北京100193 [2]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2011年第3期634-640,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD02A15;2007BAD89B01)

摘　　要：【目的】从农作物种植模式角度出发,研究玉米与不同作物间作条件下农田土壤氨挥发特征。【方法】采用田间通气法,2008—2009两年设置大田试验,研究玉米与大豆、黑麦草、苜蓿以及花生间作对田间土壤NH3挥发的影响。【结果】两年的试验结果初步显示,在玉米各个生育时期玉米‖黑麦草和玉米‖大豆模式的田间NH3挥发多数高于玉米单作(对照)处理,而玉米‖花生和玉米‖苜蓿模式在玉米各个时期的NH3挥发基本都低于对照模式;整个玉米季,玉米‖花生和玉米‖苜蓿模式的田间NH3挥发总量低于玉米单作模式,分别可减少6.77—17.42 kg.hm-2、1.53—23.63 kg.hm-2。【结论】在玉米生产中通过引入适宜的植物与其间作对于降低田间NH3挥发量具有可行性。【Objective】How to decrease the ammonia volatilization of field is one of the research hotspot recently.In this article,the characteristics of ammonia volatilization were observed in-situ under the intercropping patterns with maize and different crops.【Method】In situ experiments combined with venting method were conducted to study the effects of ammonia volatilization in farmlands under maize intercropped with soybean,ryegrass,alfalfa and groundnut in 2008-2009.【Result】The results showed that patterns of maize intercropped with groundnut and maize intercropped with alfalfa could suppress the NH3 volatilization during the maize growing stages,and maize with soybean and maize with ryegrass patterns could increase the NH3 volatilization compared with maize monoculture.The total value of NH3 volatilization under the pattern of maize intercropping groundnut and maize intercropping alfalfa could reduce 6.77-17.42 kg·hm-2 and 1.53-23.63 kg·hm-2,respectively.【Conclusion】The results indicated that NH3 volatilization can be effectively reduced in farmland through intercropping with maize and suitable crops（such as groundnut and alfalfa）.

关 键 词：玉米 间作 种植模式 氨挥发 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]