在“求是”中“求道”——“后戴震时代”与段玉裁的学术定位  

Seeking the World to Seek Truth——Post-Dai-Zhen Age and Academic Identification of Duan Yucai

作　　者：吴根友[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第1期60-67,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目(05JJD770016)

摘　　要：处于"后戴震时代"的段玉裁在语言哲学方面深化并细化了戴震的思想,将戴震的"由字通词、由词通道"的一般语言哲学思想,细化为"由字音通字义,由字义再通道",以及通过"寻求本字"而实现对经典原意把握的语言哲学思想。通过对汉代经学训诂原则的发掘,即对语言学规则的总结,为正确地解经提供更加精准的人文学新工具。对《春秋》《左传》中"弑"、"杀"二字的反复研究,对《春秋》及"三传"中君母弑君案例的分析,对《左传》中"人尽夫也"一语的文本考订,以及对明代继统大礼问题的系统论述,集中地表达了他的政治伦理思想,体现了他通过"求是"活动以"求道"的学术理想。由戴震开创的新哲学"范式"在其后学段玉裁那里得到了继承与部分的深化,体现了乾嘉学术的内在发展脉络及其精神的一致性。In a post-Dai-Zhen age,Duan Yucai deepened and refined Dai Zhen＇s theory of linguistic philosophy by refining Dai＇s general philosophic understanding of ＂attaining the meaning of an expression by exploring those of words and attaining the Tao by exploring the meanings of expressions＂ into a classic-controlling theory of linguistic philosophy of ＂attaining the meaning of a word by examining its pronunciation and attaining the Tao by examining the meanings of words＂.He contributed more accurate and more detailed humanistic reference works to properly interpreting the classics by exploiting the exegetical rules of classics and summarizing linguistic rules in the Han Dynasty.It was by systematically investigating Spring and Autumn Annals and Zuo Qiuming＇s History of the State of Lu and thoroughly discussing the imperial propriety for succeeding the sovereignty that he emphatically expressed his theory of political ethics,representing his academic understanding of ＂exploring the law of things in order to attain the Tao＂.

关 键 词：求是 求道 段玉裁 语言哲学 

分 类 号：B249.6[哲学宗教—中国哲学]