中国大陆太平洋流域河流下泄水沙通量的变化  

Changes of runoff and sediment fluxes of rivers in mainland of China discharged into Pacific Ocean

作　　者：刘成[1] 胡春宏[2] 史红玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2011年第1期70-75,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(50725930);财政部专项项目:全球江河泥沙信息管理数据库建设

摘　　要：选择中国大陆太平洋流域主要的10条河流17个代表性站点,分析、插补各站年径流量和年输沙量数据,汇总得出1955-2007年53年的水沙通量系列数据,代表中国大陆太平洋流域河流总的下泄水沙通量。总体看,中国大陆太平洋流域河流总的水通量约为每年15 600亿m3/a,从时间序列来看,无明显趋势性变化;总的沙通量约为每年13.9亿t/a,从时间序列来看,呈明显的4级梯级下降,年输沙量从20.9亿t/a降至近年的5.8亿t/a。输海沙量的降低主要是水土保持、水利枢纽对水沙量的调节、灌溉引沙和气候变化等因素综合作用的结果。This paper presents information on variations of runoff and sediment fluxes of rivers in the mainland of China discharged into the Pacific Ocean during the period of 1955 to 2007.The data included the annual runoffs and annual sediment loads of 17 representative gauging stations on 10 major rivers flowing into the Pacific Ocean.The missing data were interpolated by different methods according to specific conditions.It is shown that the mean annual runoff flux entering the Pacific Ocean from the Chinese rivers was about 1 560 billion m3 /a.Over the observed 53-year study period,the runoff flux presented no evidence of a tendency of change.The discharged mean annual sediment flux was about 1.39 billion t /a and it decreased from 2.09 billion t /a in the years of 1955-1968 to 0.58 billion t /a in the years of 1997-2007 with 4 clear steps over the 53-year study period.This decrease was due to the integrated effects of soil and water conservation,hydroproject construction,irrigation diversion and climate change.

关 键 词：年径流量 年输沙量 水沙通量 长江 黄河 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]