农牧交错带生态经济耦合评价模型及其实证研究  

Ecological-economic Coupling Assessing Model and an Empirical Study in the Agro-pasturage Ecotone

作　　者：汤青[1,2] 徐勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第2期117-123,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40771086);国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2006BAD09B10)

摘　　要：生态经济耦合评价模型是揭示生态与经济互动关系及其系统耦合要素演变过程的一种有效分析方法,农牧模式的生态经济耦合评价模型是开展农牧交错带生态经济可持续发展定量研究的有效手段。本研究基于生态经济耦合评价模型,以陕西省吴起县为例,利用黄土丘陵沟壑区各监测站数据和吴起县2007年土地利用现状、地形、坡度等数据,模拟分析了吴起县种植业作物产量与泥沙流失量随人均梯田面积的变化特征,评价了吴起县草畜业生态经济耦合现状并模拟分析了预计可达到的生态经济耦合指数。结果表明:坡耕地改梯田不仅能小幅度增加作物产量,而且能大幅度减少泥沙流失量,具有显著的生态经济效益;生态经济耦合指数可以定量表征生态经济耦合过程及其状态,吴起县目前农牧模式生态经济耦合过程还处在相对较低的水平,草畜业模拟生态经济耦合指数仅为992.20元/t,大规模开展舍饲草畜业不可行,未来需在加强草场管理和合理载畜的前提下,逐步取消禁牧(放养羊)政策。Ecological-economic coupling assessing model is an efficient measure to unearth the ecological-economic coupling relationship and its changing process of system elements.Ecological-economic coupling assessing model of agro-pastoral pattern is an important tool for the quantitative research of ecological-economic sustainable development of agro-pasturage ecotone.Based on ecological-economic coupling assessing model,taking Wuqi County of Shaanxi Province as an example,using data of observations of Loess hilly-gully region,land use,topographic elevation and gradient,the paper simulated changing characteristics of crop yield and soil and water loss as terrace area per capita changes,assessed ecological-economic coupling status of animal husbandry and simulated general EEC of animal husbandry in Wuqi County.Results show that： ① Transforming slope farmland to terrace not only slightly increases crop yield,but also significantly reduces soil and water loss,which shows obvious ecological-economic benefits.② EEC can quantitatively describe the ecological-economic coupling process and status.At present,the ecological-economic coupling process of agro-pastoral pattern of Wuqi County stays in elementary stage,and the simulating EEC of animal husbandry in Wuqi County is 992.20 yuan RMB/t,which indicates that large-scale animal husbandry based on alfalfa forage is not feasible.The policy of prohibiting pasturage should be abolished gradually on the premise of improving pasture management and reasonable degree of grazing in the future.

关 键 词：农牧交错带 生态经济 耦合评价模型 农牧模式 吴起县 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]