贸易自由化、经济增长对碳排放的影响  

Impacts of Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth on Carbon Emissions:An Empirical Study Based on Scale,Composition and Technique Effects

作　　者：吴献金[1] 邓杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,湖南长沙410079

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第1期43-48,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

摘　　要：随着中国经济的快速发展和出口贸易的持续扩张,中国碳排放量不断增加已超过美国居世界第一位,有关贸易自由化、经济增长与环境问题的研究亦方兴未艾。本文运用1995年-2007年期间我国省际面板数据,从规模、结构和技术三个角度,就贸易自由化、经济增长对碳排放的影响进行了实证研究。研究表明:代表规模技术效应的人均收入和碳排放量之间存在显著的正相关关系,我国存在碳排放量的环境库兹涅茨曲线;代表结构效应的资本劳动比和碳排放量存在显著的负相关关系;贸易所产生的结构效应是消极的,这为"污染避难所假说"提供了来自中国的证据;贸易自由化的总效应使得我国碳排放量增加。此外,本文还结合实证分析的结果,提出了在促进经济持续发展的同时控制和降低碳排放量的政策建议。With the sharp development of China economics and export expansion,China has been the first in the volume of carbon emission per year all over the world instead of America.Therefore,the studies and researches about the relationship among trade liberalization,economics development and environment issues are booming.Based on the related Chinese panel data of each province from 1995 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical analysis about how the trade liberalization and economic growth influence the carbon emission of each province.There are three respects mainly to be considered in the analysis progress,which are scale effect,composition effect and technique effect.Consequently,four substantiated conclusion can be made.At first,there is a close positive relationship between per capita income and carbon emissions,in another words,Environmental Kuznets Curve consists with the situation in China.Moreover,capital-to-labor ratios and carbon emissions share a negative relation in China.Furthermore,trade has a negative impact to the environment,according to the composition effect of trade,and this point supports the ＂pollution haven hypothesis＂ very well in China.Finally,in a comprehensive consideration,the total effects from trade liberalization make the carbon emissions problem much more serious.Additionally,this paper serves some suggestions for how to decrease carbon emission and keep economic developing contemporarily according to the empirical analysis.

关 键 词：碳排放 贸易自由化 经济增长 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]