水分条件对中国沙棘生长及种群稳定性的影响  

Effects of Water Conditions on the Growth and Population Stability of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis

作　　者：代光辉[1] 李根前[1] 李甜江[1,2] 李孙玲[1] 肖智勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2011年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070551/30371193);国际科技合作项目(2008DFA32270)

摘　　要：中国沙棘广泛分布于我国北方干旱、半干旱地区,水分条件是决定其存活、生长和繁殖的主导因子。从西南到西北,随着降水量的减小和干燥度的增大,树体大小及种群寿命随之下降。在黄土高原,阴坡种群的繁殖能力和生长状况优于阳坡,峁坡下部优于中部而中部则优于上部。在毛乌素沙地,下湿地优于丘间地,丘间地优于流动沙地。但是,作为现代分布中心的黄土高原、毛乌素沙地及鄂尔多斯高原,多数地区降水不足,虽说中国沙棘依托克隆繁殖赋予的许多优越性维持着克隆的持久性和种群稳定性,如遇连年干旱或种群生产力超过"土壤水分承载力"则会导致种群衰退甚至死亡。因此,今后应积极推广应用抗旱节水造林技术,加强异质性生境中克隆植物斑块式造林和更新技术提供理论依据。Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.sinensis is widely distributed in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China,and the water conditions is the dominant factor for its survival,growth and propagation.From southwest to northwest,individual size and life-span of the population reduced with the decrease of precipitations and the increase of dryness levelsqa.In the Loess Plateau,the propagation capacity and the growth status of the population in shady hill are better than those of sunny hill,and the lower-hill are better than mid-hill and the mid-hill are better than upper-hill.In the Mu Us sand-land,the propagation capacity and the growth status of the population in seasonal wetland are better than those in low-land among the sand dune,and the low-land are better than drift sand.However,in its distribution centers,including Loess Plateau,the Mu Us sand-land and Ordos Plateau,the rainfalls are inadequate,while the population could maintain its stability by the advantages of clonal propagation.In case of successive drought or the productivity of population surpasses the ＂vegetation carrying capacity of soil moisture＂ would lead the population to decline even to death.Therefore,we should actively promote to use drought-resistant and water-saving technology,strengthen the study on the planting and regeneration of clonal plant in heterogeneous habitats.

关 键 词：中国沙棘 水分条件 分布特征 生长状况 种群结构 克隆繁殖 种群衰退 

分 类 号：S793.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]