果农间作模式优化调控研究 Ⅲ.玉米间作栽培试验  

Optimal adjustment on fruit crop intercropping model Ⅲ. maize intercropping experiment.

作　　者：包维楷[1] 刘照光[1] 钱能斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1999年第3期293-296,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院"八五"重点资助项目;中国科学院地奥科学基金

摘　　要：对果树下间作玉米优化调控试验表明，岷江上游干旱河谷区果树下玉米间作品种以早或中熟、矮株型的品种（黄早４×Ｒ１０试１１３、４０８８×Ｒ１０试１１３、川农单交９号和３４０×Ｒ１０试１１３）表现好，可有效提高产量３．９％～２２％，并且减小对果树的影响，值得大力推广；试验的玉米芯育苗技术合理实用，所有肥液处理下的都能增产．其中，３ｋｇ过磷酸钙／５０ｋｇ水肥液浸泡处理玉米芯条件下的育苗移栽，增产最高，可达３６．８％，人畜粪水、２．５ｋｇ尿素／５０ｋｇ水、１．５ｋｇ尿素／５０ｋｇ水和５ｋｇ复合肥／５０ｋｇ水肥液浸泡处理条件下的，增产也在２０％以上，２ｋｇ过磷酸钙／５０ｋｇ水肥液浸泡的处理增产为１６．７％．这些肥液浓度是该区玉米芯育苗较合理的处理浓度，但１２～１５ｄ的浸泡处理时间太短，致使育苗成功率低；栽培方式试验结果显示，每公顷４５０００窝，每窝双苗。. The optimized adjustment experiment on an agroforestry model of apple trees intercropped with maize in dry valley region of upper reach of Minjiang River shows that the maize varieties characterized by early or middle maturity and short bodies were suitable for intercropping under apple trees. These varieties increased the economic output by 3.9～22.0%,while decreased the competition with apple trees. The techniques of seedling in maize cores were simple and practical. All treatments of seedling in maize core soaked with different fertilizer solutions could increase the crop yield: the treatment with 3kg CaP 2O 5/50kgH 2O had the highest increase of output,up to 36.8%; those with liquid dung, 2.5 kg urea/50kg H 2O,1.5kg urea/50kg H 2O and 5kg compound fertilizer/50kg H 2O also increased output by over 20%; while the treatment with 2kg CaP 2O 5/50kg H 2O increased output by 16.7%. These concentrations of different solutions were suitable for growing maize seedlings in maize cores in the test region,but the soaked time with 12～15 days was too short to decrease the seedling survival. The result from cultivation pattern experiment shows that cultivation with 45000 nests/hm 2,two seedlings per nest and north south direction of leaf stretching could significantly improve output.

关 键 词：果农间作模式 优化调控 玉米品种筛选 

分 类 号：S604[农业科学—园艺学] S513.05