坡耕地玉米苜蓿间作水分分布与运移  

Soil water in a corn-alfalfa intercropping system on slope land

作　　者：云峰[1] 王健[1] 吴发启[1] 尹武君[1] 高僖 曹伟鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]攀枝花市水土保持生态环境监测分站,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第1期53-57,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD29B03);中科院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-07-02/4);校博士科研启动项目

摘　　要：采用探头式中子水分测定仪与时域反射仪法相结合,对不同坡度坡耕地苜蓿玉米间作下土壤水分进行监测,结果表明:在5°、10°和15°三个坡度下,表现出随着坡度的增大,产流量也随之增大,且同一坡度间相比较,表现出坡面产流量顺序为单作苜蓿<玉米苜蓿间作<玉米<裸地,较单作和裸地而言,间作可有效减少坡面径流;苜蓿耗水量大于玉米耗水量,苜蓿条带土壤含水量明显低于玉米条带土壤含水量;在间作种植界面,随着距离界面越远,苜蓿地的水分含量降低,而玉米地的土壤含水量增大;生长表现为从边界向两侧,玉米株高增大,而苜蓿株高降低。Slope forage intercropping can intercept slope runoff and reduce soil erosion as well as increase water use efficiency.Using probe-type monitoring of soil moisture dynamics combined with time-domain reflectometer,experiments of soil moisture monitoring in a sloping corn-alfalfa intercropping under different slopes was conducted.The results showed that runoff increased with slope gradient increasing under 5°,10° and 15°,while the order of runoff volumes derived from different cropping treatments was alfalfa monoculturecorn-alfalfa intercroppingcorn monoculturebare soil,no matter how much the slope gradient was（5°,10° or 15°）.Compared to monoculture and bare soil,intercropping could effectively reduce surface runoff.Water consumption by alfalfa was more than that by corn,so the soil water content in alfalfa strips was obviously lower than that in corn strips.As the distance from the interface increased,the soil water content in alfalfa strips declined but increased in corn strips.From the border to both sides,corn plant height increased,while the alfalfa plant height decreased.

关 键 词：坡耕地 玉米苜蓿间作 水分分布 水分运移 体积含水量 

分 类 号：S152.75[农业科学—土壤学]