爆炸箔起爆器用高压开关研究进展  

Research progress of high-voltage switches in exploding foil initiators

作　　者：曾庆轩[1] 李守殿[1] 袁士伟[2] 吕军军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第1期202-205,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：爆炸箔起爆器由高压开关、桥箔、电容器和负载等部件组成,高压开关是控制其可靠工作的关键元器件。为研究体积更小,成本更低,易于集成的高压开关,综述了国内外爆炸箔起爆器用高压开关发展概况。简述了气体开关、真空开关、半导体开关、平面开关及最新研制的单触发开关的工作原理,并在平面开关中介绍了其与桥箔组合的集成平面开关装置及这种装置的优点。最后对这5种高压开关的主要性能进行对比分析.得出结论:平面开关和单触发开关将成为现阶段我国爆炸箔起爆器用高压开关的研究趋势,集成平而开关装置将是爆炸箔起爆装置的发展方向。The paper takes as its purpose giving a research review on the high-voltage switches in exploding foil initiators （EFI）, which is also known as slapper detonator. The high-voltage switches are usually employed to generate a shock wave to initiate a detonation event in an explosive charge. Such kinds of the initiation devices are typically made of a high-voltage switch, a bridge foil, a capacitor and some conductors. As a rule, the discharge of the capacitor is governed by the high voltage switch. That is to say, when the switch turns off, the capacitor sould be able to provide sufficient electric current to change the bridge foil from solid to plasma, whose pressure drives a flyer or pellet into contact with the explosive charges, thereby generating shock waves and initiating the detonation event. Therefore, the highvoltage switch is by nature the key component of the EFI. The general tendency of the research in this way is focused on how to make such high-voltage switches smaller, cheaper, and easier for integration. Therefore, it is our duty in preparing this research review to sum up the further research progress with its theoretical principles, the advantages and disadvantages of the recently developed gas switch, vacuum switch, semiconductor switch, planar switch and newly developed one-shot switch. In addition, comment has also been given to a kind of integrated planar switch device made of a pla- nar switch and a bridge foil. The device is designed so small in size that it can be inserted directly into the explosive fill of munitions or warheads with multi-point detonation eapabilities. And, finally, a comparison of the above said five kinds of high-voltage switches is made. For the time being, a conclusion ean be made that the planar switch, one-shot switch, and the integrated planar switch can represent the up-to-date trends of China＇s high-voltage switch.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 气体开关 真空开关 半导体开关 平面开关 单触发开关 集成平面开关装置 

分 类 号：TM89[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]