姜四倍体育种的品质评价  

Quality Evaluation of Tetraploid Breeding in Zingiber Officinale Rosc.

作　　者：韦坤华[1] 高山林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学,江苏南京211198

出　　处：《药物生物技术》2011年第1期16-20,共5页Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

摘　　要：将选育获得的5个姜四倍体和二倍体株系试管苗移栽到试验田生长15个月后测定产量性状和主要成分含量,再使用采收的姜块嫩芽建立无菌试管苗,通过根尖染色体鉴定方法观察根尖染色体数目;并将新建立的无菌试管苗再次移栽试验田生长15个月,考察产量性状、主要成分含量和染色体数目的稳定性。结果表明,姜四倍体的产量显著高于二倍体,两次移栽的四倍体产量分别为相应二倍体的1.65~1.90倍和1.54~1.81倍,产量性状保持稳定;姜四倍体的挥发油与姜辣素含量均明显高于二倍体株系,挥发油和姜辣素的单株产量显著高于二倍体株系,主要成分含量保持稳定;两次移栽后,姜四倍体的染色体数目保持稳定,为2n=4x=44。The plantlets of dipoloid and 5 tetraploids of Zingiber Officinale Rosc were transplanted to the experimental field for 15 months to determine the yield characteristics and the chief components contents,and the ginger buds were used to rebuild aseptic plantlets and the plantlets were re-transplanted to the experimental field for 15 months to determine the stability of the yield characteristics,the chief components contents and the numbers of chromosome of tetraploid lines.The results showed that the yields of tetraploid plants were significantly higher than those of the dipoloid plants,the yields of tetraploid plants were 1.65～1.90 times and 1.54～1.81 times to the corresponding dipoloid plants,respectively,and the yield characteristics of tetraploid plants was kept stable,the contents of volatile oil and gingerol were higher than those of dipoloid plants,the total yields of volatile oil and gingerol for single plant were significantly higher than those of dipoloid plants,and the chief components contents were kept stable,the chromosome number of tetraploid plants is kept stable after being transplanted and re-transplanted to experimental field for 15 months,and the chromosome number of tetraploid lines is 2n=4x=44.

关 键 词：姜 四倍体 染色体 挥发油 姜辣素 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]