亚硒酸盐对四种蔬菜生长、吸收及转运硒的影响  

Effects of different selenite concentrations on plant growth,absorption and transportation of selenium in four different vegetables

作　　者：段曼莉[1] 付冬冬[1] 王松山[1] 梁东丽[1] 薛瑞玲[1] 吴雄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第3期658-665,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(No. 2008BADA4B09);西北农林科技大学"创新团队建设计划"资助~~

摘　　要：采用土培盆栽试验和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了添加不同含量外源亚硒酸盐对小白菜、芥菜、生菜和菠菜的生长、吸收及转运硒的影响.结果表明,低含量硒(<3.81mg·kg-1)对供试的4种蔬菜的生长均有促进作用,而高含量硒(>29.91mg·kg-1)却显著抑制蔬菜的生长,并对供试蔬菜的茎、根产生明显的毒害作用.同等硒添加量条件下,4种供试蔬菜中以芥菜的地上生物量最大、菠菜最小,以生菜的地下生物量最大.4种蔬菜地上和地下部硒含量均随着外源硒添加量的增大而增大(p<0.01),以小白菜地上部的硒累积量最大,生菜最小;小白菜和芥菜地下部对硒的吸收量大于生菜和菠菜.菠菜将硒从根部转运到地上部的能力最强,生菜最弱.供试的4种蔬菜相较而言,小白菜因生物量较大且富集硒的能力最强,适用作富硒蔬菜或作为硒污染土壤的修复作物,以亚硒酸盐形式补施硒的水平以小于3.81mg·kg-1为宜.A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of added selenite on the growth of pak choi,mustard,lettuce and spinach,and differences of these four vegetables in selenium absorption and transportation. The objective of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for developing selenium-enriched vegetables and hypo-accumulator plants for phytoremediation of selenium contaminated sites. The results showed that a low concentration of selenite （3.81 mg·kg-1） stimulated the growth of four vegetables,but a high concentration （ 29.91 mg·kg-1） inhibited vegetable growth and exerted toxic effects on both plant shoots and roots. At the same selenite-treatment level,mustard had the biggest shoot biomass,while that of spinach was the smallest,and lettuce had the largest root biomass among the four tested vegetables. Selenium contents in shoots or roots of the four vegetables increased with the increase of soil selenite concentration （p0.01）. Pak choi shoots accumulated the highest amount of selenium,while the lettuce had the lowest. The absorption of selenium in pak choi and mustard roots was greater than that in lettuce and spinach. The ability to transfer selenium from root to shoot was greater in spinach than in the other three vegetables. The overall comparison illustrates that pak choi was the most suitable plant of the four tested vegetables to supplement selenium and eliminate soil selenium contamination because of its relatively larger biomass and greater accumulation ability. The appropriate amount of selenite in the soil should be less than 3.81 mg·kg-1.

关 键 词：亚硒酸盐 蔬菜 生长 吸收转运 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]