记忆源检测的加工分离  

The Process Dissociation of Source Monitoring

作　　者：朱磊[1] 周楚[1] 杨治良[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学心理系,上海200433 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第1期22-26,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30870782);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(90924013);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(30700231);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关项目(06JZD0039);复旦大学文科科研推进计划"金苗"项目的资助

摘　　要：同一个记忆源检测任务是否可以依赖两种不同的加工——无意识启发式加工和有意识系统式加工,是源检测加工机制研究探索的一个重要问题。本研究拟借助加工分离程序来分离同一个源检测任务中的启发式和系统式加工,并进一步考察了启发式和系统式加工受刺激呈现时间的影响。结果发现:位置源检测任务依赖于启发式和系统式两种加工,且随着刺激呈现时间的增长,系统式加工的贡献显著地提高,启发式加工的贡献却无显著提升。这一结果既验证了记忆源检测的双加工机制,也暗示了两种加工在加工深度上的差异。A fundamental and debated question about the mechanism of source monitoring is whether the standard source monitoring task relies on two kinds of processes,i.e.,unconscious heuristic process and conscious systematic process（Park Yonelinas,2007; Wixted,2007）.Although based on receiver operating curve（ROC） analysis,several earlier studies have revealed that even the standard source monitoring task relied on both unconscious heuristic process and conscious systematic process（Yonelinas,1999; Slotnick,Klein,Dodson, Shimamura,2000;Glanzer,Hilford, Kim,2004;Diana,Yonelinas, Ranganath,2008）, receiver operating curve analysis bears a critical disadvantage：A convex ROC might not indicate heuristic processing on familiarity per se.It might,instead,suggest that systematic processing about detailed information which was supposed to be as continuous as familiarity engaged in the standard source monitoring task（Qin,Raye,Johnson, Mitchell,2001）.Forasmuch,in order to answer the aforementioned question,the present study aimed at separating heuristic and systematic processes in the same location source monitoring task by the process dissociation procedure（Jacoby,1991）.Besides,to further understand the nature of these two processes,we systematically manipulated the presentation time of each stimulus and analyzed the effect of stimulus presentation time on these two processes.A 2 process（heuristic vs.systematic） X 2 presentation time（1s vs.3s） within-subjects design was adopted. During the learning phase,100 pictures were presented sequentially either on the left side of the screen or on the right side of the screen,at a speed of 1s or 3s.After that,the subjects were required to complete the inclusion and exclusion test.The target in the exclusion test and the presentation order of two tests were counterbalanced between subjects.It was revealed that：1） The location source monitoring task depended on both heuristic process and systematic process;2） the effect of stimulus presentation time on heurist

关 键 词：记忆源检测 双加工机制 系统式加工 启发式加工 加工分离 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]