密度、氮肥基追比例对不同穗型小麦产量的影响  

Effects of different densities and ratios of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield of two wheat varieties with different spike types

作　　者：王竟绍[1] 董召荣[1] 张健[1] 邹兵[1] 徐晓光[1] 谭娟[1] 聂刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2011年第1期14-19,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A06-19);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA6B06;2008BAD96B12);安徽农业大学大学生创新基金共同资助

摘　　要：以烟农19和兰考矮早8为材料,研究密度和氮肥基追比例对多穗型和大穗型小麦品种产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,播种密度提高有利于不同穗型小麦品种单位面积穗数的增加,而穗粒数与千粒重随播种密度的加大而减小。氮肥基追比例增加与不同穗型小麦品种的千粒重间均呈正相关,而与不同穗型小麦品种的穗粒数间呈负相关,氮肥基追比例增加对不同穗型小麦品种单位面积穗数影响未达显著差异水平。烟农19以中密度、氮肥基追比例5:5处理产量最高,兰考矮早8以高密度、氮肥基追比例7:3处理产量最高。根据密度、氮肥基追比例组合与产量结果建立二元回归模型,烟农19的氮肥基追比例5:5最佳,优化密度为328.4×104 hm-2基本苗,其优化产量可达8 725.3 kg.hm-2,兰考矮早8的氮肥基追比例7:3最佳,优化密度为421.2×104 hm-2基本苗,其优化产量可达7 441.1 kg.hm-2。Using Yannong19 and Lankaoaizao8 as material, we studied the effects of 3 densities and 3 ratios of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and their constituent elements of multi-panicle wheat variety and large-panicle wheat variety. The results indicated that： Increase of sowing density could help to increase effective panicles per unit area of different panicle-type wheat, but decrease the grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight. And increasing of ratio of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer showed positive effects on 1000-grain weight of different panicle-type wheat, and had negative effects on grain number per panicle, but had indistinctive effects on effective panicles per unit area. We used the intermediate density （300×104hm^-2） and 5：5 ratio of base and top-dressing as the treatment for Yannongl 9, and its output was closed to super-high-yield level. When the treatment reached high-density （412.5×104 hm^-2） and 7：3 ratio of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertil-izer for Lankaoaizao8, its yield reached the highest level. Based on the combination of density and ratio of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer and yield, two binary regression models were put forward. Combination of 5：5 ratio of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer and 328.4× 104 basic seedling per hectare were the best for Yannong19, and its optimizing production could reach to 8 725.3kg hm·2. With regard to Lankaoaizao8, Combination of 7：3 ratio of base and top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer and 421.2× 10^4 basic seedling per hectare were optimal, and its optimizing production could reach to 7 441. 1kg hm^-2.

关 键 词：小麦 密度 氮肥基追比例 多穗型 大穗型 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]