梯级生态浮床净化城市黑臭河水中氮污染物的试验研究  

Removal of nitrogen in a malodorous river by staged floating treatment wetlands

作　　者：徐玉荣[1] 张勇[2] 黄民生[1] 赵丰[1] 高尚[1] 何岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海200062 [2]安徽建筑工业学院,合肥230022

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期104-110,共7页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2009ZX07317-006;2009ZX07317-009)

摘　　要：以上海市某黑臭河道为研究对象,模拟水生植物在天然水体中的生态位.采用香菇草、睡莲和轮叶狐尾藻3种水生植物,并采用逐级下沉的运行方式,构建立体生态系统——梯级生态浮床.试验结果表明:梯级生态浮床系统对氨氮的去除率平均可达71.9%,挺水(香菇草)、浮叶(睡莲)和沉水植物(轮叶狐尾藻)各单元对氨氮的去除率分别为36.1%,22.3%和13.5%.亚硝酸盐氮在该梯级生态浮床系统内出现了积累,浮叶、沉水植物单元亚硝酸盐氮平均浓度由进水的1.3mg/L分别上升至1.4mg/L和1.5mg/L.硝酸盐氮同时也出现了积累,但挺水和沉水植物单元的硝酸盐氮要低于浮叶单元.系统对总无机氮的平均去除率为45.0%,主要发生在挺水植物单元,可达24.8%.Focused on a malodorous river in Shanghai,a set of staged floating treatment wetlands（SFTWs）,by simulating ecological niche distribution of hydrophyte in nature water with three kinds of hydrophyte,Hydrocotyle vulgaris,Nymphaea tetragona,Myriophyllum verticillatum,was designed.The results showed that the average removal rate of ammonian was 71.9%,with 36.1%,22.3% and 13.5% of ammonia nitrogen being removed by the unit of emergent plants（Hydrocotyle vulgaris）,floating plants（Nymphaea tetragona） and submerged plants（Myriophyllum verticillatum） respectively.Nitrite nitrogen was accumulated in the staged ecological floating wetlands.The average concentration of nitrite in the floating plants unit and submerged unit rose to 1.4 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L from 1.3 mg/L respectively.At the same time,the nitrate nitrogen concentration in the unit of emergent plants and the unit of submerged plants unit is lower than that in the unit of floating plants,also accumulated in the system.The average removal rate of total inorganic nitrogen,mainly by the unit of emergent plants（up to 24.8%）,was 45.0%.

关 键 词：梯级生态浮床 黑臭河水 氮污染物 净化试验 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]