用桑枝皮制备羧甲基纤维素钠及产品性能测试  

Preparation and Property Determination of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Mulberry Bark

作　　者：曹静[1] 刘琳[1] 吴芳[1] 姚菊明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料与纺织学院,教育部先进纺织材料与制备技术重点实验室,杭州310018

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2011年第1期13-18,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(No.NCET070763)

摘　　要：羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）是一种应用十分广泛的水溶性阴离子表面活性剂。采用二次碱煮法将桑枝皮加工成桑枝皮纤维,再通过醚化反应并调节醚化温度制备出取代度在0.5~1.0之间的桑枝皮CMC。根据行业标准检测桑枝皮CMC样品的主要理化指标为：干燥减量小于10%,纯度大于95%,0.1 g/L样品水溶液的pH值为7.0~8.5,25℃时0.2 g/L样品水溶液的黏度为300~1 000 mPa.s,钠的质量分数〉5%,氯化物的质量分数〈0.5%;样品化学结构的红外光谱表征说明纤维素分子中的部分羟基氢被羟甲基取代,呈现良好的热稳定性,热分解温度〉300℃。对影响桑枝皮CMC水溶性黏度的因素及稳定性分析结果表明,桑枝皮CMC水溶液呈假塑性流体特性,其黏度随产品取代度、溶液浓度的增加而增加,具有较高黏度的产品在长时间内可保持其黏度的稳定。各项检测结果显示,用桑枝皮制备的CMC能够达到日用化工中的洗涤剂、牙膏以及纺织品生产应用的标准,可以作为替代棉短绒制备CMC的原料。Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC） has been widely used as a water-soluble anionic surfactant. In this work, CMC was prepared from mulberry bark. The mulberry bark fibers were obtained by two-step alkaline cooking, followed by etherification to prepare the mulberry bark CMC products with substitution degrees ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 by ad）usting etherification temperature. The chemical and physical properties of CMC products were determined according to relevant industry standards. The results showed that the weight loss of dry CMC samples was less than 10% with a purity of over 95%. The pH value of O. 1 g/L CMC aqueous solution was between 7.0 to 8.5 and the viscosity of O. 2 g/L CMC aqueous solution was 300 ～1 000 mPa·s at 25 ℃. The sodium content in CMC was over 5% and the chloride content was below O. 5%. Infrared spectrometric feature of the chemical structure of CMC samples revealed that hydrogens of some hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecules had been replaced by hydroxymethyl groups. In addition, the CMC samples had high thermal stability which had the thermal decomposition temperature of over 300 ℃. Viscosity and stability analyses indicated that the aqueous solution of mulberry bark CMC exhibited the feature of pseudoplastic fluid flow. The viscosity of CMC solution increased with the increase of substitution degree and the CMC concentration, and theproduct with high viscosity could keep its high viscosity for a long time. All the above results suggested that the CMC products prepared from mulberry bark could a- chieve the requirements for application in household chemical industry, such as detergent, toothpaste and textile. Therefore, mulberry bark could be used as theraw material for CMC preparation instead of cotton linter.

关 键 词：桑枝皮 醚化反应 羧甲基纤维素钠 取代度 黏度 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]