元谋干热河谷辣木人工林地灌水后不同覆盖措施对土壤水分及辣木物候的影响  

Effect of Different Cover after Irrigation on Soil Moisture and Growth Period of Moringa Oleifera Lam in the Dry-hot Valley of Yunmou,Yunnan Province

作　　者：龙会英[1] 郑益兴[2] 张燕平[2] 金杰[1] 史亮涛[1] 张明忠[1] 张德[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明650224

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第1期232-235,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：世行三期农民用水户协会项目(YNCXYMZ7001);中国林科院资源昆虫研究所基本科研业务费(Riricaf200805m)

摘　　要：根据元谋干热河谷气候特点,2010年初步研究了旱坡地辣木人工林地灌溉后地表盖草和覆膜的土壤水分及其变化状况,研究结果得出:(1)在地面覆盖物作用下,无论是沙土、沙壤土还是黏土样地,耕作层0-20cm、20-40cm土壤水分高于未覆盖样株的土壤水分,辣木生育期比未覆盖提前。总体表明,盖膜土壤水分增加最多,在0-20cm土层,2龄辣木树10d的土壤水分高于对照1.2%～4.6%,幼龄辣木树(栽植8个月)10d的土壤水分高于对照1.8%～4.7%。其次是草覆盖,在0-20cm土层,2龄辣木树10d的土壤水分高于对照2.6%～3.4%,幼龄辣木树(栽植8个月)10d的土壤水分高于对照1.8%～4.6%。土层20-40cm下土壤水分变化较小。(2)由于土壤质地差异,无论是灌水量的多少与处理的不同,沙土蒸发均高于沙壤土,而且变化较大,沙壤土变化均匀,黏土较保水。深层土壤水分总体趋势是随土壤深度增加而增加,增加幅度随之减少。The effect of different cover after irrigation on soil moisture and growth period Of Moringa oleifera was studied. The results showed that soil moisture content in 0--20 em and 20--40 cm depth in mulched plots were higher than those in non-mulched plots for sandy loam and clayey soil, which leading to a decrease of growing stage of Moringa oleifera. Soil moisture content after 10 days＇ irrigation in 0--20 cm depth increased 1.2-4.6% compared to the control for 2-year old Moringa oleifera under plastic films mulch while the value increased 2.6 % -3.4% under grass mulch, and soil moisture content increased 1.8%-4.7% for 8-month old Moringa oleifera under plastic films mulch while the value increased 1.8%-4.6% under grass mulch. Additionally, the whole trend of soil moisture content in every soil type was increased with the increase of soil depth. Among three different types of soils of this study, clayey soil had obvious effect on the water-holding capacity.

关 键 词：干热河谷 旱坡地 地面覆盖物 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S715.5[农业科学—林学]