硫酸锌胁迫对克氏原螯虾非特异性免疫因子的影响  

Changes of the activities of nonspecific immunity factors of Procambarus clarkii exposed to zinc sulphate

作　　者：王建国[1] 陆宏达[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2011年第1期129-136,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101);上海海洋大学研究生基金项目(A-2501-09-0000-87047)

摘　　要：将克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)于浓度为0 mg/L(对照组)、0.40 mg/L、4.04 mg/L及40.37 mg/L硫酸锌(ZnSO4)中分别药浴1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、7 d、14 d和21 d,测定了肝胰腺和鳃中4种以及血清中6种非特异性免疫因子活性,从免疫学角度探讨ZnSO4对克氏原螯虾的毒性影响。结果显示:21 d内各浓度组在各时间对血清中凝集素活性均无显著影响。血清中溶血素各浓度组活性均表现出随药浴时间延长先逐渐升高再下降的趋势。酚氧化酶(PO)在肝胰腺中各浓度组不同时间之间及相同时间不同浓度组之间的活性差异均不显著,而鳃中在4.04 mg/L以上浓度中药浴2 d内活性显著下降,随药浴时间加长鳃和血清中活性呈增大的趋势。在肝胰腺中4.04 mg/L和40.37 mg/L浓度组药浴1 d、2 d、14 d和21 d的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性高于或显著高于对照组,药浴3～7 d时低于或显著低于对照组,呈先上升再下降再上升的趋势变化;鳃中始终低于对照组;血清中1～7 d CAT活性均低于对照组,药浴14 d以后显著高于对照组,呈前期抑制后期升高的趋势。酸性磷酸酶(ACP)在4.04 mg/L和40.37 mg/L浓度组中药浴21 d内除40.37 mg/L组药浴3 d时肝胰腺中ACP活性显著高于对照组外,其他时间肝胰腺和鳃中ACP活性主要呈抑制状态,血清中4.04 mg/L组呈先逐渐升高再下降的趋势,而40.37 mg/L组均低于对照组。溶菌酶(LSZ)在4.04 mg/L和40.37 ng/L浓度组中药浴21 d内肝胰腺中活性主要呈前期抑制后期升高的趋势;鳃中4.04 mg/L组LSZ活性先下降再逐渐升高再下降,而40.37 mg/L组活性先升高后下降;血清中各浓度组LSZ活性均高于对照组。结果表明:0.40 mg/L组仅在药浴3 d和4 d时使血清溶血素活性显著升高,而其他时间对其他免疫因子活性均无显著影响;4.04 mg/L以上浓度除对血清凝集素无显著影响外,其他免疫因子活性均发生了显著变化,并且变化规律存在一定的组织差异。To investigate the influence of zinc sulphate on the nonspecific immunity factors of Procambarus clarkii,the crayfish was exposed in 0 mg/L,0.40 mg/L,4.04 mg/L and 40.37 mg/L of Zn2＋ solution for 1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d,respectively,and four nonspecific immunity factors in hepatopancreas and gills and six in serum were detected.The differences of agglutinin activity between groups exposed in all of the concentrations of Zn2＋ and the control were not statistically significant in 21 d.The activities of hemolysin in serum were aroused significantly first and then decreased disproportionately as the exposure time extended in all groups.Phenoloxidase（PO）,catalase（CAT）,acid phosphatase（ACP） and lysozyme（LSZ） activities stayed stable in the Zn2＋ concentration of 0.40 mg/L,but changed significantly in the Zn2＋ concentration of 4.04 mg/L and 40.37 mg/L in all tissues except for PO activity in hepatopancreas compared to the control.PO activities ascended with the extension of exposure time in the Zn2＋ concentration of 4.04 mg/L and 40.37 mg/L in gills and in serum.CAT activities increased first,then decreased and increased again in hepatopancreas.CAT activities were lower than the control all the time in gills,and was restrained first and then elevated in serum.ACP activities were restrained in hepatopancreas and gills in all groups,increased in first and then decreased in serum in the group of 4.04 mg/L Zn2＋ and was lower than the control in the group of 40.37 mg/L Zn2＋.LSZ activities were restrained first and increased in hepatopancreas,increased and then decreased in gills in all groups,and were higher than that in the control in serum.The results indicated that there was no significant influence of the Zn2＋ concentration of 0.40 mg/L on Procambarus clarkii,and the concentration of Zn2＋ of 4.04 mg/L and 40.37 mg/L threaten the health of the crayfish which more easily infected by pathogens by depressing their immunity.

关 键 词：硫酸锌 克氏原螯虾 非特异性免疫 免疫因子 

分 类 号：S945.1[农业科学—水产养殖]