城乡孕产期妇女健康状况及分娩情况对比分析  

Comparison and analysis on health status and delivery conditions of pregnant women between urban areas and rural areas

作　　者：李岩岩[1] 胡迎芬[1] 张春晖[1] 梁惠[1] 江佃臣[2] 刘烈刚[3] 马爱国[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院,山东青岛266021 [2]山东省莘县计划生育局 [3]华中科技大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2011年第6期886-888,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：中华人民共和国科学技术部"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目课题〔2008BAI58B07〕

摘　　要：目的:对比分析城乡孕产期妇女健康状况及分娩情况,为有效地改善孕产期妇女健康状况提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样抽取青岛市区和莘县农村地区共2 448名产后1年以内的妇女作为研究对象,其中城市1 248人,农村1 200人,由经过培训的调查员进行面对面的回顾性调查。结果:城市孕妇妊娠期糖尿病的患病率为0.89%,明显高于农村孕妇的0.09%(P<0.05);城市孕妇孕期贫血患病率为17.49%,明显高于农村孕妇的8.55%(P<0.05);农村孕妇孕期发生小腿抽筋的比例为27.65%,明显高于城市孕妇的22.85%(P<0.05);城市孕妇能在爱婴医院分娩的比例是96.21%,明显高于农村孕妇的86.49%(P<0.05);城市孕妇采取剖宫产分娩方式的比例是53.19%,明显高于农村孕妇的33.27%(P<0.05);分娩后城市产褥期妇女超重的比例为39.58%,明显高于农村产褥期妇女的25.25%(P<0.05)。结论:城市孕妇妊娠期糖尿病患病率及产褥期妇女超重率均高于农村妇女,城乡孕妇孕期小腿抽筋现象均比较严重,建议采取有效措施改善城乡孕产期妇女的健康状况;城市和农村剖宫产率均远远高于世界卫生组织规定的15%界限,建议采取有效措施降低剖宫产率,促进优生优育,保证母婴健康。Objective：To compare and analyze the health status and delivery conditions of pregnant women between urban areas and rural areas,provide a scientific basis for improving the health status of pregnant women effectively.Methods：Cluster random sampling method was used to extract 2 448 women within one year after delivery from urban areas of Qingdao city and rural areas of Shen county as study objects,1 248 women from urban areas and 1 200 women from rural areas were included;all the women were investigated face to face retrospectively by the interviewers after training.Results：The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in urban areas was 0.89%,which was significantly higher than that in rural areas（0.09%）（P〈0.05）;the prevalence of anemia in urban areas was 17.49%,which was significantly higher than that in rural areas（8.55%）（P〈0.05）;the prevalence of leg cramp in rural areas was 27.65%,which was significantly higher than that in urban areas（22.85%）（P〈0.05）;the proportion of hospital delivery in urban areas was 96.21%,which was significantly higher than that in rural areas（86.49%）（P〈0.05）;the proportion of cesarean section in urban areas was 53.19%,which was significantly higher than that in rural areas（33.27%）（P〈0.05）;the proportion of overweight during puperium in urban areas was 39.58%,which was significantly higher than that in rural areas（25.25%）（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the rate of overweight during puperium in urban areas are significantly higher than the standard established by World Health Organization（15%）,it is recommended to take effective measures to reduce the rate of cesarean section,promote bearing and rearing better children and ensure maternal and child health.

关 键 词：孕产期妇女 健康状况 分娩情况 城乡对比 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]