从日常词汇到工程英语的切换与翻译  

On Precise Translation:Shifting from Daily English Expressions to Engineering Terminologies

作　　者：穆凤良[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学外语系,北京市100084

出　　处：《中国科技翻译》2011年第1期5-9,共5页Chinese Science & Technology Translators Journal

摘　　要：工程来自日常的需要。工程奇迹亦来自日常劳动的积累。于是,在工程英语中我们可以看到大量的日常词汇。然而,日常的词汇一旦用在工程领域,就发生了语义场的迁移和定义的转变,被赋予了特定的工程意义。如果缺乏跨文化的沟通经验,中方工程人员在解读工程英语文件时容易受到工程英语中日常表达的误导,乃至偏离工程的视角。本文从日常词汇到专门术语,从普通名称到科技术语,从多种译法到精确选择等三个方面论述了工程英语英译汉的精译求精原则,并提供了相应的实践案例。Engineering projects are carried out because of daily needs. Even engineering miracles come from the accumulated experience of daily work. Naturally, in engineering English there are many daily expressions, which have acquired specialized engineering definitions as a result of shifts in semantic fields. Lacking in experiences in intercultural communication, Chinese engineers are likely to be misled by such daily expressions, thus misunderstanding English engineering texts. This paper proposes through examples three principles for transla- tors ： 1 ） to shift from daily expressions to engineering terminologies ; 2 ） to shift from common names to technical nomenclatures; 3） to select the most precise equivalent from various versions.

关 键 词：日常词汇 专门术语 精确翻译 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]