试管植物器官微型化及结构特征  

Micromation and Structural Characteristics of Plantlets In vitro

作　　者：赵乐乐[1,2] 苏晴[1] 王玉海[1] 李友勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院河南省高等学校作物分子育种重点学科开放实验室,中国河南新乡453003 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,中国上海200240

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2011年第1期24-29,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金资助项目(0511031100)

摘　　要：植物组织培养中的试管植物,其形态比自然形态要小得多,脱离试管后能恢复原形态大小,这种微型化和微型化解除是植物与环境相互作用的一个新命题.以试管马铃薯无性系微型薯为材料,在试管和花盆两种环境下发芽并长成植株,显微切片方法观察其组织结构特征,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法分离不同处理植株的差异蛋白.研究发现,试管植株器官微型化的主要原因是细胞数量减少,其次是细胞体积减小,但试管植株的气孔则较大.在不同处理的植株中检测出单个和多个蛋白差异.结果说明,试管因子,包括营养和生长空间因子,能显著胁迫植物正常生长和形态建成,形态改变过程伴随有较大的生理变化.It was frequently seen that plant morphogenesis in vitro was much smaller than that in the natural environment,and when they were moved out from the test tube,their organs could recover to natural size.This kind of micromation and unmicromation is a new proposition that could be used to research the interaction between plants and environment.The micropotatoes from the clones which was produced in vitro was act as the materials for observation of their morphological,structural,and physiologic characteristics as they were planted in both test-tube and flowerpot environment respectively.It was found that organs micromation under the stress in vitro was mainly because of the decrease of cell numbers,and also diminishing of cell size.But the stomata on test-tube plantlets were larger than on flowerpot plants.The results from SDS-PAGE were also found that a few differential proteins that were extracted from the plants stressed by nutrient and space factors were hanged on the gels.These results definitely indicated that the nutrition and space factors could significantly change plant growth and morphogenesis,and the process of morphogenesis was coupled with a variety of changes of physiology.

关 键 词：马铃薯 器官大小 空间胁迫 微型化 差异蛋白 

分 类 号：Q944.32[生物学—植物学]