北京市中心城区道路尘土中铂族元素的污染特征  

Pollution Characteristics of Platinum Group Elements in Road Dust in Central Urban Area of Beijing

作　　者：徐玲玲[1,2] 高博[1] 陆瑾[1] 周怀东[1] 郝红[1] 王晓君[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所,北京100038 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第3期736-741,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2006CB403403);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(50721006);中国水利水电科学研究院优秀青年科技人员科学研究专项(环集0904)

摘　　要：为研究北京市中心城区铂族元素(PGEs)的污染状况,于2009年12月采集了二环道路尘土样品.样品经王水消解和阳离子交换树脂分离纯化后,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了道路尘土中PGEs的含量.结果表明,二环道路尘土中,Pd的含量为17.40～458.75 ng.g-1(平均值为126.66 ng.g-1),Pt的含量为10.04～182.89 ng.g-1(平均值为65.25ng.g-1),Rh的含量为4.00～68.04 ng.g-1(平均值为22.67 ng.g-1).与国内外其它城市相比,Pt含量偏低,Pd和Rh含量处于中等水平.总体而言,近几年道路尘土中Pd含量有了较大幅度的升高.中心城区的PGEs平均含量从大到小的顺序为:西二环≈东二环>北二环>南二环,主要受机动车流量控制.不同粒径的道路尘土中PGEs含量不同,0.125～0.25 mm粒径范围内尘土中的PGEs含量最高,而粒径<0.063 mm的尘土中PGEs含量较低.采用粒径<0.063 mm尘土中的PGEs含量来评价整个道路尘土中的PGEs含量容易导致结果偏低,从而低估其在环境的污染水平.In order to survey platinum group elements（PGEs） contamination in central urban area of Beijing,dust samples were collected from the second ring road in December 2009.The road samples were digested with aqua regia and separated and purified with cation exchange resin,and the resulting solutions were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.The results showed that the concentrations of Pd,Pt and Rh in road dust ranged from 17.40-458.75 ng.g-1（126.66 ng.g-1）,10.04-182.89 ng.g-1（65.25 ng.g-1）,4.00-68.04 ng.g-1（22.67 ng.g-1） respectively.In comparison with international cities,Pd and Rh concentrations in Beijing road dust were middle level and Pt concentration was lower.Pd concentration was rapidly increased in recent years.The concentrations of PGEs in four locations of the second ring road were arranged in the following order：West ≈ East North South,which were controlled with the traffic intensity.Size partitioning indicated that the 0.125-0.25 mm fraction had the higher PGEs concentrations than other fractions and the 0.063 mm fraction had the lower PGEs concentration.These data suggest that autocatalyst PGEs flux estimates into the environment will be significantly underestimated if only a fine grain size fraction（ 0.063 mm） is analyzed.

关 键 词：阳离子交换树脂 铂族元素 电感耦合等离子体质谱 道路尘土 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]