“哥白尼式的革命”:康德对经验论和唯理论之争的调和  

Kant's Copernican Revolution:A Compromise between Empiricism and Rationalism

作　　者：殷筱[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]华中师范大学心灵与认知研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第1期76-79,159,共4页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"当代西方心灵哲学中的唯物主义研究"(08CZX014);教育部人文社会科学规划项目"唯物主义与二元论在西方心灵哲学中的当代发展"(OGJA720011)

摘　　要：近代西方哲学史上的经验论和唯理论就科学知识的客观性和普遍必然性来源问题展开了旷日持久的论争,但都没有为科学知识的客观性和普遍必然性找到终极依据。德国古典哲学的奠基者康德力图调和经验论和唯理论来解决这一问题。他在肯定感觉经验为科学知识提供客观性的同时,提出了所谓的"哥白尼式的革命",在改造和发展笛卡尔"自我意识"思想的基础上,创造性地提出了"先验自我意识"概念,试图从认知主体的先天认知结构和形式中为科学知识的普遍必然性寻求终极依据。There is a long-standing dispute about the objectivity and universal necessity of scientific knowledge between empiricism and rationalism in modern western philosophy.But neither empiricists nor rationalists did find the ultimate interpretation for the objectivity and universal necessity of scientific knowledge.Based on the harmonization of rationalism and empiricism,Kant,who is the founder of German classical philosophy,puts forward the so-called Copernican revolution.On the basis of the innovation and development of the concept of Cartesian self-consciousness,he puts forward the concept of transcendental self-consciousness in order to seek the ultimate interpretation for the universal necessity of scientific knowledge in terms of the innate structure and form of cognitive subjects.

关 键 词：经验论 唯理论 “哥白尼式的革命” “先验自我意识” 

分 类 号：B565[哲学宗教—外国哲学]