新生儿重症监护病房早产儿出院半年内营养状况调查  

Nutritional status of premature infants six months after discharged from NICU

作　　者：张勇[1] 黄美琳[2] 廖志[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院新生儿科,四川成都610031 [2]四川省妇幼保健院儿童保健科,四川成都610031

出　　处：《实用医院临床杂志》2011年第2期138-139,共2页Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)出院早产儿半年内的营养状况。方法将67例NICU出院早产儿分成宫外生长正常组和宫外生长迟缓组,分别随访监测各组1、2、3、6月的体重、身长、头围、血色素、红细胞压积,并与同期足月儿进行比较。结果宫外生长迟缓组1、2、3、6月体重、身长、头围增长速度均明显慢于宫外生长正常组和足月儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),1、2、3月血色素和红细胞压积均明显较宫外生长正常组和足月儿组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);6月血色素和红细胞压积仍然明显低于足月儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。宫外生长正常组与足月儿组比较,1、2月体重、身长、头围增长速度较快,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),3、6月体重、身长、头围增长速度与足月儿组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),1、2、3月血色素和红细胞压积均明显低于足月儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),6月血色素和红细胞压积与足月儿组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NICU早产儿容易发生宫外生长迟缓,早产会影响婴儿6个月以内的营养状况,尤其是对宫外生长迟缓的早产儿影响更大,应加强对早产儿的营养支持,减少宫外生长迟缓的发生,减少早产对婴儿期营养的影响。Objective To study the nutritional status of premature infants six months after discharged from neonatal intensive care unit（NICU）.Methods Premature infants discharged from the NICU were assigned to either normal group or extrauterine growth retardation（EUGR）group,and were monitored body weight,body length,head circumference,hemoglobin,hematocrit at 1,2,3 and 6 months respectively.The above-mentioned data were compared with those of the full-term infants.Results The growth rate of weight,length and head circumference in EUGR group was significantly lower than that in normal group and full-term infants group at 1,2,3,6 months（P0.05）.Hemoglobin and hematocrit in EUGR group were significantly lower than those in the latter two groups at 1,2,3 months（P0.05）.Hemoglobin and hematocrit in EUGR group were significant lower than those in full-term infants group at 6 months（P0.05）.There was significant difference between normal group and full-term infants group in the growth rate of weight,length and head circumference at 1 and 2 months,and no significant difference at 3 and 6 months（P0.05）.Hemoglobin and hematocrit in normal group were significantly lower than those in full-term infants group at 1,2,3 months（P0.05）,and not significantly at 6 months（P0.05）.Conclusion Premature infants in NICU are prone to EUGR.Premature birth affects the nutritional status of the infants less than 6 months,particularly for EUGR premature infants.It is necessary to strengthen the nutrition support in premature infants to reduce the incidence of EUGR and the impact of premature birth on infant nutrition.

关 键 词：早产儿 营养 宫外生长迟缓 

分 类 号：R723.13[医药卫生—儿科] R722.6[医药卫生—临床医学]