岩溶隧道涌突水灾害发生机理与工程防治  

Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention of Water-bursting Hazard for Karst Tunnel

作　　者：资谊[1] 马士伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉430063 [2]中铁西南科学研究院有限公司,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2011年第2期84-89,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:针对国内岩溶区长大隧道施工过程中频繁遭遇的涌突水灾害对工程造成重大损失和人员伤亡的现状,在调研国内外隧道涌突水灾害发生现状的基础上,利用薄板理论、剪切破坏理论对隧道涌突水灾害发生机理和过程特征进行了研究,旨在得到涌突水灾害的形成和发生条件、预防措施以及岩溶地段隧道的施工原则。研究结论:涌突水灾害的形成和发生,必须具备四个基本条件;由于隧道开挖引起围岩应力场变化和溶洞内水压作用,隔水岩板发生松弛,易导致灾害发生;岩溶地段隧道施工要遵循下述原则:排水降压、超前支护,以堵为主,堵排结合,浑水要堵,清水要排。Research purposes： Aiming to the presence of great loss and casualties caused by frequent geological hazard of water-bursting during large tunnel construction in karst zone,the occurrence mechanism and prevention of water-bursting hazard for karst Tunnel had been studied with the plate theory and shear failure theory for the purpose of knowing the occurrence conditions of water-bursting,taking the prevention measures and working out the construction principle. Research conclusions： There must be four basic conditions for occurrence of water-bursting.The rock plate is easy to become slack,resulting in water-bursting due to the change of the stress field of rock mass and the effect of water pressure in the tunnel.The principle of draining water to cut the water pressure,conducting the advanced support,and ponding muddy water along with draining clean water should be followed in karst tunnel construction.

关 键 词：岩溶 隧道 涌突水灾害 发生机理 工程防治 

分 类 号：U452.11[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]