注意在随意编码自我参照效应中的作用  

The Role of Attention in Incidental Self-reference Effect

作　　者：周爱保[1] 吴慧芬[1] 史战[1] 张鹏英[1] 李琼[1] 刘沛汝[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理系,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理学探新》2011年第1期23-28,共6页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：西北师范大学知识与科技创新工程(SK0303-2)

摘　　要：该研究采用随意编码的研究范式验证随意编码条件下自我参照效应产生的原因是否是自我积极偏差以及由自我积极偏差引起的注意。设计了2(参照条件:自我与他人)×2(形容词效价:积极与消极)的三个实验,分别是实验一效价与参照条件都是组内变量;实验二效价是组内变量,参照条件是组间变量;实验三效价是组间变量,参照条件是组内变量,三个实验结果均发现:自我参照条件下人格特质形容词的再认率显著高于他人参照条件;消极效价词的再认回忆率显著高于积极效价词;参照条件与形容词效价之间的交互作用不显著。结果说明,自我参照效应的发生不依赖于与他人参照条件的比较而产生;消极效应也不依赖于积极效价词的存在而发生;注意可能是随意编码条件下自我参照效应产生的原因。This research included three 2（reference condition：self or others）×2（adjective valence：positive or negative） experiments in order to validate whether the mechanism of self-reference effect was self-positive bias and attention caused by self-positive bias.In experiment 1,both reference condition and adjective valence were within-subjective independent variable.In experiment 2,within-subjective independent variable were adjective valence while between-subjective independent variable were reference condition.However,in the experiment 3,within-subjective independent variable were reference condition while between-subjective independent variable were adjective valence.The results were as follow：The recognition performance of self-reference condition were better than other-reference condition significantly;the recognition performance of positive valence adjectives were better than negative valence adjectives significantly;the interaction between reference condition and adjective valence were not significant;These results suggested that（1） SRE was independent on the other-reference in the incidental encoding condition;（2） Negative valence effect was independent on positive words in the incidental encoding condition;（3） Attention might be the machanism of incidental SRE.

关 键 词：自我参照效应 随意编码 消极效应 注意 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]