前氮后移对寒地水稻群体质量的影响  

Effect of N Application at Later Stages on Population Quality of Rice in Cold Area

作　　者：张慧[1] 彭显龙[1] 刘元英[1] 郁燕[1] 陈丽楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第2期402-406,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(2006-G60);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803030);东北农业大学创新团队项目和东北农业大学校基金项目资助

摘　　要：设置不同施氮量和不同施肥时期的小区试验,研究前氮后移对寒地水稻群体质量的影响。结果表明:与农民常规施肥处理(FFP)相比,在105 kghm-2氮量下,前氮后移处理(INM)分蘖成穗率、抽穗期粒叶比和抽穗后干物质积累总量分别提高了5.6%、5.9%和21.1%;在135 kghm-2氮量下,这些指标分别提高了5.2%、13.1%和26.9%,干物质积累增加都达到了5%的显著水平;抽穗期单茎茎鞘重和抽穗后叶面积指数也有增加趋势。相关分析表明,产量与抽穗期单茎茎鞘重、抽穗后20 d的叶粒比、以及抽穗后干物质积累量均呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。前氮后移在抽穗期具有适宜的叶面积,延缓了抽穗后叶片的衰老,改善了水稻群体质量,增加了抽穗后干物质积累,使水稻产量提高12.3%。A plot experiment with different rates and timing of N application was designed to study the effects of N application at later stages（INM） on population quality of rice in cold area.The results showed that compared with Farmers Fertilization Practice（FFP）,INM increased earbearing tiller rate,grain-leaf ratio and dry matter accumulation after heading by 5.6%,5.9% and 11.7% under 105 kg hm-2 N rate,and increased by 5.2%,13.1% and 11.5% under 135 kg hm-2 N rate.Culm-sheath of heading and LAI after heading also increased.There were significant correlation（P0.01） between yield and culm-sheath dry weight at heading stage,leaf-grain ratio of 20 days after heading,dry matter accumulation after heading.INM had appropriate leaf area at heading stage,delayed leaf senescence after heading,improved the population quality of rice,increased dry matter accumulation after heading,therefore increased yield by 12.3%.

关 键 词：寒地 水稻 前氮后移 群体质量 产量 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学] J95[农业科学—农业基础科学]