3种抗肿瘤抗生素对体外培养淋巴细胞染色体的致畸研究  

STUDY ON THE CHROMOSOME DAMAGE OF EX VIVO CULTURED LYMPHOCYTES BY THREE ANTICANCERBIOTIES

作　　者：关晶[1] 高立[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省济宁医学院生物学教研室,济宁272013

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第6期1093-1095,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]探讨抗癌药物的遗传毒性、潜在致癌性。[方法]将抗癌药物引发的体外培养淋巴细胞染色体畸变作为判断抗癌药物遗传毒性和潜在致癌性的观测指标。参考临床用药量,分别在不同浓度下对健康人静脉血进行短期微量全血培养。培养物分别按常规方法制作染色体标本和姐妹染色单体互换(SCE)标本,显微镜下观察、记录,计算畸变率、姐妹染色单体互换率。[结果]阿霉素各浓度组SCE频率和染色体畸变率均明显高于对照组(P﹤0.05);放线菌素D高浓度组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);而光神霉素与对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。[结论]阿霉素和放线菌素D均存在遗传毒性和潜在致癌性,光神霉素未发现类似毒作用。提示,抗癌药物的远期不良反应不容忽视,职业性接触抗癌药物人员应建立起自我防护意识。[ Objective] To investigate genetic toxicity and carcinogenetic potential of anticancer drugs on human. [ Methods] We evaluated genetic toxicity and carcinogenetic potential of anticancer drugs with chromosomal aben＇ation test in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. The agent was administrated at three different doses （0.011μg/nd, 0.02μg/nd and 0.04μg/ml）, then the type of aberrations and the rates of chromosomal aberrations and frequencies of sister ehmmatid exchange （SCE） were examined. [ Results] The results showed that Adrianlyci, even at dose of 0.011μg/ml, could significantly increase frequencies of the SCE and rates of chromo^mal aberration and of the cells with chromosomal aberration as compared with the negative control group （P 〈 0.05）. Actinomycin-D could significantly increase frequencies of SCE and the rates of chromosomal aberration in high dose group but there was no statistic significance in low dose group （P 〉 0.05）. The SCE frequencies and the rates of chromosomal aberrations wasn＇t significantly different between mithramycin group and control group （P 〉 0.05）. [Conclusion] This study proved that antineoplastic drugs, namely, Adriamycin and actinomycin-D demonstrated genetic toxicity and carcinogenetic potential. However, mithramycin showed negative results. The former showed a risk of antineoplastic drugs,which should be carefully used clinically.

关 键 词：抗肿瘤抗生素 淋巴细胞 染色体畸变 SCE 

分 类 号：R979.14[医药卫生—药品]