基于轴距参数的载重汽车舒适性优化  

Optimization of Heavy Truck's Ride Comfort Using Axles' Location Parameters

作　　者：戚玉轩[1] 方宗德[1] 古玉峰[1] 祝小元[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2011年第3期340-344,共5页Computer Simulation

摘　　要：针对传统刚度参数优化载重汽车舒适性时会降低承载能力的问题,由于轴距决定簧载质量分配,影响车身垂向振动加速度,并引起产生振动和冲击。为解决上述问题,提出用轴距参数优化舒适性的新方法。根据载重汽车动力学模型,建立轴距参数与整车舒适性能的数学关系。运用正交试验法,对比刚度、阻尼及轴距参数对舒适性的影响权重。采用平衡悬架车轴位置参数进行舒适性优化。进行时域和频域仿真结果表明,优化后整车舒适性能明显改善,轴荷分配更趋合理;车身垂向、俯仰、侧倾振动频域特性与经验值基本一致。研究结果说明载重汽车动力学模型正确,为优化提供了可行性。The carrying capacity of heavy truck can be reduced when the ride comfort is optimizes with traditional suspension＇s stiffness as variable.By analyzing the suspension＇s transfer function,a new ride comfort optimization method is introduced by choosing axle location as parameter.The method is based on the theory that axle location,which determines weight distribution among suspensions,is supposed to have effect on ride comfort.11 degrees heavy truck mathematic model is established to build the ties between axle location and ride comfort.Orthogonal experiment is conducted to compare the weights of influences on ride comfort among variables such as stiffness,damping and axels＇ location.As a result,balanced suspension＇s location is chosen as variable to optimize ride comfort while using weight distribution as constraint.After optimization,time-frequency simulation illustrates that heavy truck＇s ride comfort is improved,its weight distribution stays reasonable,and its vertical,roll and pitch vibration characters are consistent with experience.The whole research demonstrates that the mathematic model is correct and the method is feasible in practice.

关 键 词：载重汽车 平衡悬架 舒适性 轴距 优化 

分 类 号：U461.4[机械工程—车辆工程]