牙周维护治疗在保持牙周长期疗效中的作用  

Effect of supportive periodontal therapy in maintaining the long-term effect of the initial therapy

作　　者：张勇[1,2] 栾庆先[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院.口腔医院牙周科,北京100081 [2]北京大学口腔医学院.口腔医院第一门诊部,北京100034

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2011年第1期29-33,共5页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

摘　　要：目的:评估牙周维护治疗在保持牙周治疗长期疗效中的作用。方法:对在北京大学口腔医院接受过牙周基础治疗的慢性牙周炎患者进行回顾研究,其中未接受维护治疗者22例,接受维护治疗者17例。临床检查包括牙周探诊深度(probing depth,PD)、牙龈出血指数(bleeding index,BI)、缺失牙数,并拍摄全口根尖片评价牙槽骨高度(骨根比值)。未维护治疗组的初诊和最后一次复诊的间隔时间平均为5.09年,维护治疗组平均为7.53年。比较初诊和最后一次复诊的上述各项临床指标。结果:未维护治疗组每人每年缺牙0.28颗,显著高于维护治疗组(0.09颗);复诊与初诊相比,未维护治疗组的PD值差异无统计学意义(4.13 mmvs.4.03 mm,P>0.05),而维护治疗组的PD值明显降低(4.02 mmvs.3.03 mm,P<0.05);未维护治疗组的牙槽骨骨根比由初诊时的59.15%下降到复诊时的54.76%,平均每年下降0.86%(P<0.05),而维护治疗组的牙槽骨骨根比复诊与初诊相比差异无统计学意义(60.51%vs.60.09%,P>0.05)。结论:牙周维护治疗不仅可以降低年缺失牙率、PD、BI,而且能明显减缓牙槽骨的进一步吸收,确保了基础治疗后效果的长期稳定。Objective：To evaluate the influence of supportive periodontal therapy to the long-term effect after initial therapy.Methods： The investigation was conducted as a retrospective longitudinal study over a period of at least 2 years,a total of 39 patients recruited in the study and divided into non-maintenance group（n=22） and maintenance group（n=17）.Non-maintenance group were monitored for an average of 5.09 years,maintenance group were monitored for an average of 7.53 years.The changes of following variables were recorded and analyzed： the number of loss tooth,probing depth（PD）,bleeding index,alveolar bone level in full mouth radiographs.Results： It was observed that（1） patients without maintenance lost more teeth compared to the maintenance groups,showed no changes of PD percentage but significant decrease in bone level;（2） patients received maintenance showed significant decreases in PD,bone level keep stable during the observation compared to the non-maintenance group.Conclusion： Supportive periodontal therapy not only decreased the probing depth,but also prevented alveolar bone loss.Supportive periodontal therapy after initial therapy plays a crucial role in keeping periodontal health for long-term.

关 键 词：牙周炎 牙槽骨质丢失 疗效 

分 类 号：R781.42[医药卫生—口腔医学]