不同玉米淀粉水平对凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺脂肪代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Cornstarch Levels on Fat Metabolism of Hepatopancrease in Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：郭冉[1,2] 刘永坚[2] 田丽霞[2] 夏辉[1] 王家庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003 [2]中山大学水生经济动物研究所,广东广州510275

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期105-109,共5页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：广东省科技攻关资助项目

摘　　要：采用8周的生长实验研究了以玉米淀粉为糖源的不同淀粉水平(w为10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%)对初始体质量为(0.96±0.02)g凡纳滨对虾的生长、体营养成分组成、肝胰脏显微结构和肝胰腺脂肪合成酶的影响。实验饲料中w(蛋白质)为38%;w(脂肪)=5%。实验在室内循环水族箱内进行,实验用水为天然咸淡水(盐度:6‰～14‰),6组饲料每组设3个重复,每箱30尾虾,饱食量投喂。实验结果表明:w(淀粉)=15%实验组对虾的增质量率、SGR最高,分别为453.62%和3.06,与w(淀粉)=10%和w(淀粉)=20%组无显著性差异,但明显高于其他各组;w(淀粉)=10%组的对虾成活率最高(96.67%),w(淀粉)=25%组最低(66.67%);w(淀粉)在25%～35%时,对虾的增质量率、成活率、SGR显著低于w(淀粉)为10%、15%和20%组(P<0.05)。w(淀粉)=20%组的体蛋白含量最低(72.24%),w(淀粉)=30%组最高(75.27%),其余各组没有显著性差异;高淀粉组体脂肪含量相对较高。从凡纳滨对虾的肝胰脏组织学切片观察到,饲料w(淀粉)为10%～35%的范围内,肝胰脏脂肪无异常积累。肝胰腺中脂肪合成酶活性很低,苹果酸脱氢酶活性随饲料淀粉含量的增加而升高。总之,在饲料蛋白含量为w=38%左右时,凡纳滨对虾饲料适宜的淀粉含量(w)为10%～20%。The ability of Litopenaeus vannamei（initial mean weight：（0.96±0.02） g） to utilize different levels of cornstarch was examined in terms of growth indices,body composition,microscopic structure and lipogenic enzyme of the hapetopancreas.Six isonitrogenous semipurified diets were fed to shrimp to satiation for 8 weeks in triplicate tanks（30 shrimps per tank） connected to a natural brackish water（salinity： 6‰~14‰） recirculating system.Diets contained different levels of cornstarch（w,10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%） as the source of carbohydrate.Weight gain（WG）,survival rate and SGR were considerably affected by cornstarch levels of diets.The highest weight gain（453.6%） and best SGR was observed in shrimp fed the 150 g · kg-1（cornstarch level） diet,and was significantly（P0.05） higher than those fed diets containing 25% to 35% cornstarch.However,the survival rate reached maximum in shrimp fed the 10% diets（96.7%）,some 300 g · kg-1 diets higher than the lowest rate,which was found in shrimp fed the 250 g · kg-1 diets.Body lipid tended to be higher in shrimp fed diets with higher cornstarch levels.Besides,histological study on shrimp fed 10 to 35% diets exhibited no histological changes.Hepatopancreatic lipogenic enzyme activities（6PGDH,ME,IDH） in shrimp fed with different diets were very low;ME increased while carbohydrate levels increased.In a word,it is suitable for shrimp fed 10%~20% carbohydrate when the diets containing 38% protein.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 玉米淀粉 生长 脂肪合成酶 

分 类 号：Q45[生物学—生理学] S963.311[农业科学—水产养殖]