牙齿隐裂与折裂的本征因素初步分析  

Intrinsic characteristics of cracked teeth

作　　者：徐勃[1,2] 郝新河[1,2] 张富华[1,2] 姚莉莉[1,2] 胡克良[3] 李明[3] 石磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省合肥市口腔医院 [2]安徽医科大学合肥口腔临床学院,安徽合肥230001 [3]中国科学技术大学合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《安徽医药》2011年第3期326-328,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的研究隐裂牙与折裂牙的微观结构特点与发病的内在联系,为隐裂牙预防和临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法以折裂拔除的成人磨牙作为研究对象,利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和红外反射光谱仪方法,对牙釉质和牙本质的微观结构和形貌分别进行观察和比较分析。结果牙本质与牙釉质的化学成分和晶体结构是一致的,主要组成为羟基磷灰石。但牙本质羟基磷灰石结晶颗粒取向分布比较均匀,且尺寸较小,约为几纳米,而牙釉质羟基磷灰石结晶颗粒高度择优取向,颗粒呈线状,线长度达近百纳米。牙齿裂纹可以出现在牙釉质,也可以出现在牙本质。牙本质中有较高的水含量。结论牙齿隐裂可以出现在牙齿表面,也可以出现在牙齿内部。牙齿隐裂和折裂的直接原因是作用在牙齿上的力,但冷热食物的剧烈刺激,也可以导致牙釉质或牙本质首先出现裂纹。而由牙本质出现的牙齿隐裂,比较难以发现和开展早期治疗,需要特别注意。Aim To study the relationship between the structural characteristics and the incidence of cracked tooth,and to provide reference for the prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatment of the cracked tooth.Methods The cracked teeth with different positions were chosen and investigated by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The microstructural characteristics and morphologies of the dentin and the enamel were compared and discussed.Results The dentin and the enamel had the same crystal structure,and their main chemical composition was hydroxyapatite.The grain orientation of the dentin was random,and the grain sizes were about several nanometers.However,the enamel grains were formed by fibre-like crystals with about several hundred nanometer long and highly preferred orientation.There was more water in the dentin.Conclusions The tooth crack can appear in the enamel,but also in the dentin.The direct cause of cracked tooth is the force loading on the tooth.However,the strong stimulation of cold/hot food can also cause the crack in the enamel or/and the dentin.In general,the tooth crack in the dentin is difficult to be found and diagnozed,which needs to be paid attention.

关 键 词：牙隐裂综合征 牙本质 牙釉质 羟基磷灰石 微结构 

分 类 号：R782.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]