不同温度挤压膨化全脂大豆对生长猪氮平衡和日粮氨基酸及脂肪酸回肠末端表观消化率影响的研究  

EFFECT OF FULL-FAT SOYBEANS EXTRUDED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES ON N-BALANCE AND APPARENT ILEAL DIGESTIBILITIES OF AMINO ACIDS AND FAT ACIDS IN GROWING PIGS

作　　者：谯仕彦[1,2] 李德发[1,2] 曹宏 肖长艇[1,2] 胥学新 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院 [2]河南信阳高等农业专科学校

出　　处：《动物营养学报》1999年第3期36-43,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：为评定膨化全脂大豆的营养价值及膨化加工的最适条件参数，以豆粕加油日粮为对照，分别用１３０℃、１４０℃和１５０℃膨化全脂大豆（北京建中机器厂“Ｂ９９－１”干法挤压膨化机生产，螺旋转速４５０～５５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，大豆水分含量１３．１％）替代对照日粮中１１％的豆粕和全部豆油为试验日粮，同时配制以１４０℃膨化全脂大豆为唯一蛋白质来源的半纯合日粮，用５×５拉丁方进行了５期消化代谢试验，检验上述膨化全脂大豆对生长猪（１８．５±１．５ｋｇ）氮平衡和日粮氨基酸及脂肪酸回肠末端表观消化率的影响。结果表明，各日粮处理间干物质消化率基本无变化。与豆粕加油日粮相比，１３０℃、１４０℃和１５０℃膨化全脂大豆组猪的氮表观消化率分别提高３．７％、２．４％和３．１％；氮利用率分别提高３．３％、３．９％和５．１％；脂肪表观消化率分别提高７．２％、５．７％和５．４％。１４０℃膨化全脂大豆的赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、油酸和亚油酸的回肠表观消化率分别为８５．１％、８７．６％、７０．８％、６５．３％、８８．２％、９５．５％和９７．７％。用膨化全脂大豆替代生长猪日粮中部分豆粕和全部豆油，可改善除缬氨酸和亮氨酸外其它必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸?A digestibility trial using 5×5 Latin Square design was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of extruded full-fat soybeans (EFFSBN) in growing pigs and to determine the optimum parameters for soybean extrusion.5 pigs(18.5±1.5kg)fitted with simple T-cannulas in the terminal ileum were divided into 5 groups.A corn-soybeand meal based diet with added soybean oil was used as a control diet.Soybeans(13.1% moisture)extruded by a “B99-1”dry extruder rotating at 450～550r/min and an extrusion temperature of 130℃,140℃,150℃ were respectively used to replace 42.9% of the soybean meal and 100% of soybean oil in the control diet.In the fifth treatment,EFFSBN produced at 140℃ was used as the sole protein source to make a semi-purified diet to measure the digestibilities of amino acids and fat acids in EFFSBN.All diets were formulated to the same energy,crude protein,lysine and methionine levels.The trial continues for 40 days,and feces,urine and digesta were collected.The results indicted that the apparent digestibility of lysine,methionine,threonine,tryptophan,arginine and linoleic of EFFSBN produced at 140℃ were 85.2%,87.6%,70.8%,63.5%,88.2% and 97.7%,respectively.Use of EFFSBN produced at 130℃,140℃ and 150℃ improved apparent nitrogen digestibility by 3.7%,2.4% and 3.1%,and apparent nitrogen availability by 3.3%,3.9% and 5.1%,apparent fat digestibility by 7.2%,15.7 %and 5.4%,respectively.EFFSBN improved ileal digestibility of all indispensable and dispensable amino acids except valine and leucine.Use of EFFSBN produced at 140℃ increased ileal apparent digestibility of arginine,lysine,phenylalanine,tryptophan,glutamic acid and glycine significantly (P<0.05 or 0.01).EFFSBN can improve ileal digestibility of crude fat and linoleic in the diet for growing pigs.

关 键 词：膨化全脂大豆 生长猪 氨基酸 脂肪酸 回肠消化率 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S816.42[农业科学—畜牧兽医]